Читать книгу Jelly-Fish, Star-Fish, and Sea-Urchins: Being a Research on Primitive Nervous Systems - George John Romanes - Страница 2

PREFACE.

INTRODUCTION.

CHAPTER I. STRUCTURE OF THE MEDUSÆ.

CHAPTER II. FUNDAMENTAL EXPERIMENTS.

Effects of excising the entire Margins of Nectocalyces.

Effects of excising the entire Margins of Umbrellas.

Effects of excising Certain Portions of the Margins of Nectocalyces.

Effects of excising Certain Portions of the Margin of Umbrellas.

Effects upon the Manubrium of excising the Margin of a Nectocalyx or Umbrella.

Summary of Chapter.

CHAPTER III. EXPERIMENTS IN STIMULATION.

Mechanical, Chemical, and Thermal Stimulation.

Luminous Stimulation.

Electrical Stimulation.

Period of Latency, and Summation of Stimuli.

Effects of Temperature on Excitability.

CHAPTER IV. EXPERIMENTS IN SECTION OF COVERED-EYED MEDUSÆ.

Rate of Transmission of Stimuli.

Stimulus-waves.

Exhaustion.

Ganglia appearing to assert their Influence at a Distance from their own Seat.

Regeneration of Tissues.

CHAPTER V. EXPERIMENTS IN SECTION OF NAKED-EYED MEDUSÆ.

Distribution of Nerves in Sarsia.

Distribution of Nerves in Tiaropsis Indicans.

Staurophora Laciniata.

CHAPTER VI. CO-ORDINATION.

Covered-eyed Medusæ.

Naked-eyed Medusæ.

CHAPTER VII. NATURAL RHYTHM.

Effects of Segmentation on the Rhythm.

Effects of Other Forms of Mutilation on the Rhythm.

Effects of lessening the Amount of Tissue adhering to a Single Ganglion.

Effects of Temperature on the Rhythm.

Effects of Freezing Medusæ.

Effects of Certain Gases on the Rhythm.

CHAPTER VIII. ARTIFICIAL RHYTHM.

CHAPTER IX. POISONS.

Remarks.

Physiological Effects of Fresh Water on the Medusæ

The Fresh-water Medusa.

CHAPTER X. STAR-FISH AND SEA-URCHINS.

Structure of Star-fish and Sea-Urchins.

Modifications of the Star-fish Type.

Natural Movements.

Stimulation.

Section.

Special Senses.