Читать книгу Protocols for High-Risk Pregnancies - Группа авторов - Страница 13

According to data collected in the 2015–2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 11.5% of pregnant women in the United States reported consuming at least one alcoholic drink during the past 30 days, and 3.9% reported binge drinking (five or more drinks during one episode). Among pregnant women who reported binge drinking, the average frequency of binge drinking was 4.5 episodes during the past 30 days. The highest prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy was observed in older (ages 35–44 years), college educated, and unmarried women.

According to the same surveillance, the prevalence of any alcohol use was 53.6% among nonpregnant reproductive age women, indicating that pregnancy may be a time of increased motivation to decrease or stop drinking. Even among women with heavy alcohol use or patterns of use consistent with alcohol use disorder, 70–90% abstain from alcohol during pregnancy. Although many women achieve abstinence during pregnancy, studies have noted high rates of relapse during the postpartum period.