Читать книгу Genome Engineering for Crop Improvement - Группа авторов - Страница 21

Genome‐editing technologies enable us to make precise changes in the genome of any living organism. These changes may be diverse‐insertion, deletion or even replacement of a particular stretch of DNA from the genome. Targeting these changes in accordance with our needs has always been the ambition of the scientific community. It was a challenging job until the development of recent genome‐editing technologies. Among these, the most popular and successful ones till now have been ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR‐Cas9. The breakthrough in the field of genome editing came after the discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 system as it is an RNA‐ guided and easy‐to‐design system. This system is fascinatingly repurposed as a genome editing tool and is till now the most efficient, cost effective and least demanding genome editing technique. Moreover, the recent addition of CRISPR‐Cpf1 that is a variant of the CRISPR‐Cas system further diversified the application of genome engineering tools by overcoming the various shortcomings of earlier systems.