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Use of IIoT is gaining popularity with the advent of usage of more connected devices being used in industries day in and day out.

A typical IIoT based unit shall have all devices interconnected with each other. These devices are again connected to a network that terminates at a gateway. The gateway has a two way terminal connecting the analytics block with itself. The analytics block again has a two way terminal connecting it to the rules and controls unit.

In our case the pipeline is the system that has its upstream and downstream connected to each other. The sensors at the upstream, downstream and along the length of the pipeline are interconnected among each other and are also in turn connected to an edge gateway. This gateway connects the system to analytics and transform unit that is used to generate leads for the process. This connection is through an access network, which is typically a network that can handle high volume of uploads and downloads. After this the leads are sent to control unit which based on the leads generate controls or rules for the system, this is again through a network called the service network and has to be able to handle high volume of uploads and downloads.

A representation figure describing the usage of IIoT architecture in detection of leakage in pipeline custody transfer, is given in Figure 1.6,

Figure 1.6 Industrial Internet of Things-based architecture for pipeline leak detection.