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Fabrication and Manufacturing Process of Solar Cell: Part I
ОглавлениеS. Dwivedi
S.S. Jain Subodh P.G. (Autonomous) College, Jaipur, India
Abstract
Crystalline silicon solar cell (c-Si) based technology has been recognized as the only environment-friendly viable solution to replace traditional energy sources for power generation. It is a cost-effective, renewable and long-term sustainable energy source. The Si-based technology has a market growth of almost 20-30% and is projected to attain an energy share of ~100 giga watt (GW) per year in the current fiscal year, 2020. There have been constant efforts in reducing manufacturing cost of solar panel technology, which is about three-four times higher in comparison to traditional carbon-based fuels. In the manufacturing domain, fabrication of three basic c-Si solar cell configurations can be utilized, which are differentiated in the manner of generation of electron-hole (E-H) pairs on exposure to sunlight. The generation of electricity by impinging light on a semiconductor material requires production of electrons and holes such that electrons in the valence band become free and jump to the conduction band by absorbing energy. Thus, jumping of highly energetic electrons to different material generates an electromotive force (EMF) converting light energy into electrical signals. This is known as the photovoltaic (PV) effect.
This chapter is an effort to outline fabrication processes and manufacturing methodologies for commercial production of large area PV modules as an alternative green source of energy.
Keywords: Solar cell, photovoltaics, p-n junction, photovoltaic panels, crystalline silicon solar cell, renewable energy, physics of solar cell, fabrication of solar cell