Читать книгу The SAGE Encyclopedia of Stem Cell Research - Группа авторов - Страница 128

Researchers can isolate cells from several sources. Some cells, autologous cells, are isolated from the recipient of the regenerative medicine procedure. In contrast, cells derived from any other human being besides the recipient are allogeneic. Cells obtained from nonhuman origins are called xenogeneic cells. Cells can be applied in different physical states. Cells can be administered in a suspension or attached to a support matrix. The goal of the chosen approach is to repair the tissue and organs with the most native outcome and the fewest complications. One benefit to using autologous homologous cells is rejection is generally not an issue and so avoids the use of immunosuppressant therapies. The cells are also re-implanted into a homologous tissue. When planning regenerative medicine approaches, researchers must consider the condition of the tissue or organ to be replaced. In some cases, diseased organs may not provide suitable cells for regenerative medicine techniques either because of expansion problems or innate qualities that are incompatible with the type of healing process required. For example, re-introducing malignant cells into a scaffold designed to replace tissue or organs removed for cancer treatment would not be a desirable strategy. In some disease states, genetically normal progenitor cells live in the tissue and are reservoirs for new cell formation. These normal progenitor cells are programmed to give rise to normal tissue even if they may reside in a diseased environment. In regenerative medicine, tissue and organ-resident progenitor cells remain a very promising area of ongoing investigation and research.