Читать книгу The SAGE Encyclopedia of Stem Cell Research - Группа авторов - Страница 355

Having been developed out of controversy, the fifth revision in 2000, known as the Edinburgh (2000) revision, also resulted, and to some extent remains, in considerable controversy. This revision required monitoring of clinical scientific research to ensure and reinforce ethical standards, and was in part spurred by a seminal paper published by Peter Lurie and Sidney M. Wolfe in 1997, which called for the discontinuation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) trials in developing countries, citing discriminations in change of study design between Thailand and Africa. Importantly, the proclamation of the Tokyo (1975) version remained in paragraph 5 of the Introduction in the Edinburgh (2000) version, stating that “In medical research on human subjects, considerations related to the well-being of the human subject should take preference over the interests of science and society.” Much of the controversy, however, arose around the area of the ethical requirements of placebo-controlled trials, described below.