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It is a well‐known fact that the research activities related to the development of novel biobased polymers have been increasing drastically over the past few decades. Nowadays, the trend has changed from using simpler systems having thermoplastic materials reinforced with natural fibers to more advanced composites with carefully engineered biobased matrices or which are completely of biobased origin (i.e. both the matrix and reinforcements are biobased). Advancements in the polymer and composite processing techniques have led to significant progress in the development of novel biobased composites, which have both industrial and commercial applications. PLA and PLA‐based composites are the most predominating materials used as biobased biomedical equipment, as there is only little focus or work done in other materials such as hydrogels, which are used as scaffolds in cell growth and tissue regeneration. Expectations are in such a way that the development of novel biobased polymers will continue its ladder climbing as it finds more interesting applications in the biomedical field, especially for cell scaffolding and drug delivery, as reported in this chapter.