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Sharon and Sharon (2012) [5] have noted that plant fibers, being rich sources of carbon and having different inherent plant structures, have yielded carbons with different morphologies, pore sizes, surface areas and densities. Depending on these properties, they have shown differences in their capacity to adsorb hydrogen gas. These findings on hydrogen adsorption capacity, and an analysis of the morphology of the carbon material synthesized from different plant fibers, open a new possibility of correlating the finer structure of the synthesized carbon and its various applications. Variation in structures will help in the future in synthesizing desired types of carbon material from waste plant material for different applications. Carbon materials possessing lesser density, larger surface area, and are more graphitic with less sp3 carbon contribution along with having pore sizes around 10 μm favor hydrogen adsorption. Carbon materials synthesized from bagasse meet these requirements most effectively, followed by cotton fiber, which was more effective than the carbon synthesized from the other plant fibers.

Hollow CNF synthesized by pyrolysis of cotton at 750 °C in argon atmosphere for 3 h, then treated with Ni(NO₃)₂ and thermally treated in argon for 3 h at 850 °C has exhibited a maximum of 8.75 wt.% hydrogen adsorption [6].