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23. Various denominational and confessional traditions and experiences encounter each other in the conversation among Protestant churches about ministry, ordination and episkopé. These different traditions and experiences cannot easily be integrated. Therefore it is helpful to distinguish between the hermeneutic criteria and the sources from which the different understandings of ministry are drawn. Scripture, tradition, reason and experience are sources from which the different forms of ministry, ordination and episkopé (along with their theological foundations) arise. Christian life has been confronted throughout history with the tension between the claim of Scripture and of present-day reality. For that reason the hermeneutic criteria are conformity with Scripture and with reality. In the Lutheran tradition the criteria also include conformity with the confession, but this is connected with conformity with Scripture.¹⁰

24. Tradition, as one of the sources of Protestant theology includes not only the confessional writings of the Reformation and Protestant confessions from a later time, but also pre-Reformation traditions and liturgy. It embraces the various orders for ordination, vocation, commissioning or appointment (installation) to an office of leadership in the church, along with ecumenical texts and commitments, especially earlier documents of CPCE.