Читать книгу The Science of Health Disparities Research - Группа авторов - Страница 53
3.4 How and Why this Topic is Important to Minority Health and Health Disparities Research 3.4.1 The Epidemiological Profile of Racial/Ethnic Minorities 3.4.1.1 Mortality/Morbidity
ОглавлениеIn the United States, as in other industrialized nations, chronic conditions such as heart disease, cancer, and stroke are the leading causes of death. However, there are differences in the leading causes of death for different racial/ethnic groups.
As reported by the National Center for Health Statistics for 2015 (see Table 3.1), the five leading causes of death for Whites, in descending order, are heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, unintended injuries, and stroke. The leading causes for Blacks are the same but in a slightly different order and instead of chronic lower respiratory disease, diabetes is among the top five. For Hispanics or Latinos, the five leading causes of death in descending order include cancer, heart disease, unintentional injuries, stroke, and diabetes. Asians or Pacific Islanders have the same top five leading causes of death as Latinos, although the order is slightly different. American Indians or Alaska Natives have similar trends to Blacks, except instead of stroke, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis are among the top five leading causes of death.
Table 3.1 Rankings of the ten leading causes of death for each racial/ethnic group, United States, 2016.
Source: National Center for Health Statistics [6].
| Cause of death | Total | White | Black or African American | Hispanic or Latino | Asian or Pacific Islander | American Indian or Alaskan Native |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart disease | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Cancer | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Chronic lower respiratory disease | 3 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 6 |
| Unintended injuries | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| Stroke | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| Alzheimer's disease | 6 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 6 | — |
| Diabetes | 7 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| Influenza and pneumonia | 8 | 8 | — | 10 | 7 | 10 |
| Nephritis, nephritic syndrome, and nephrosis | 9 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Suicide | 10 | 9 | — | — | 10 | 8 |
| Homicide | — | — | 7 | — | — | — |
| Septicemia | — | — | 10 | — | — | — |
| Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis | — | — | — | 7 | — | 5 |
Notably, suicide is within the top 10 leading causes of death for Whites, Asians or Pacific Islanders, and American Indians or Alaska Natives, but not for Blacks and Latinos. It is also important to note that Blacks are the only group that have homicide among the 10 leading causes of death (seventh) [3].
