Читать книгу Complications in Equine Surgery - Группа авторов - Страница 275

In horses, three types of tourniquets were compared showing that a wide rubber tourniquet (12.5 cm) and a pneumatic tourniquet (10.5 cm cuff at 420 mmHg) had greater efficacy than a narrow rubber tourniquet (1 cm) [106]. Wide tourniquets transmit a greater percentage of the applied pressure to deeper tissues and lower pressures are therefore needed, which also helps reduce the possibility of soft‐tissue/nerve damage [107]. The diameter of the extremity was a determining factor in the pressure needed to eliminate blood flow with narrow cuffs but not when using an 18‐cm cuff [107].

Inadequate or no exsanguination before tourniquet placement makes it is more likely to exceed the tourniquet inflation pressure during the injection of the solution, which will result in leakage of the local anesthetic into the circulation [101]. Exsanguination of the limb before tourniquet placement (e.g. with an Esmarch rubber bandage) is therefore recommended.