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AENESIDEMUS (Αἰνησίδημος, ὁ)

CHRISTOPHER BARON

University of Notre Dame

1) Aenesidemus, son of PATAECUS, served as a member of the bodyguard of HIPPOCRATES (4), tyrant of GELA in SICILY in the late 490s BCE (7.154.1). Herodotus mentions him in connection with his narrative of GELON (who also served in that bodyguard) and Gelon’s rise to power as TYRANT, first of Gela and then SYRACUSE. Other sources indicate that Aenesidemus also attempted to take control of Gela after Hippocrates’ death but was beaten to the punch by Gelon (e.g., Arist. Rh. 1.12/1373a); a much later source, but perhaps preserving reliable information, claims that Aenesidemus thereafter left for RHODES (his homeland?) and established himself as tyrant there (see Luraghi 1993). Pausanias (5.22.7) refers to a tyrant of LEONTINI named Aenesidemus; most scholars identify him with the son of Pataecus and imagine that he ruled Leontini at the behest of Hippocrates. Our texts of Herodotus’ Histories give none of these details, but some editors suspect a lacuna at this point, on the basis of a textual difficulty.

2) Aenesidemus, father of THERON tyrant of ACRAGAS in Sicily in the 480s BCE

(7.165). Most scholars find it unlikely that this is the same man as Aenesidemus (1) (7.154.1). The CHRONOLOGY, for one, would make it strange: Theron was probably born in the 530s, while Aenesidemus (1) served in the bodyguard of the tyrant Hippocrates in the 490s (Dunbabin 1948, 383–84).