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CHRISTOPHER BARON

University of Notre Dame

Patronymic, father of HYSTASPES and grandfather of the Persian king DARIUS I (1.209.2, 7.11.2 (spoken by Xerxes as he lists his lineage), 7.224.2). Arsames (OP Aršāma) appears in royal INSCRIPTIONS of Darius (e.g., DB §2), and XERXES states that both Hystaspes and Arsames were alive when Darius became king (XPf §3). Thus Arsames himself was never king (Briant 2002, 110). A brief inscription on a GOLD tablet from Hamadan, claiming to be of “Arsames the Great King” (AsH; Lecoq 1997, 180), is believed by most scholars to be an ancient forgery, part of Darius’ effort to legitimize his seizure of the throne (Rollinger 1998, 181–82).

SEE ALSO: Achaemenids; Ariaramnes son of Teispes; Arsames son of Darius; Bisitun; Pharnaces