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An indicator of how far a measurement is from the median, also known as a standard deviation (SD) score. The reference lines on the growth charts (labeled 1, 2, 3, -1, -2, -3) are called z-score lines; they indicate how far points are above or below the median z-score = 0).²

This glossary draws on a variety of sources. The provenance of individual definitions is indicated by a reference as follows:

1 UNICEF SUN 2012

2 UNICEF Training on Nutrition in Emergencies, Glossary of Terms

3 Omamo SW, Gentilini U, Sandström S (eds). Revolution: From food aid to food assistance. Innovations in overcoming hunger. 2010.

WfP, Rome, Italy.

4 The Lancet 2013 Series on Maternal and Child Nutrition, adapted from Scaling Up Nutrition and Shekar and colleagues, 2013

5 United Nations Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, June 2013