Читать книгу Intracranial Gliomas Part II - Adjuvant Therapy - Группа авторов - Страница 44

References

Оглавление

1Bailey P, Cushing H: A Classification of the Tumours of the Glioma Group on a Histogenetic Basis with a Correlated Study of Prognosis. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., 1926.

2Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK, Burger PC, Jouvet A, Scheithauer BW, Kleihues P: The 2007 WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol 2007;114:97–109.

3Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK (eds): WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System, ed 4. Lyon, IARC, 2007.

4Komori T: Pathology and genetics of diffuse gliomas in adults. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2015;55:28–37.

5Hartmann C, Hentschel B, Wick W, Capper D, Felsberg J, Simon M, Westphal M, Schackert G, Meyermann R, Pietsch T, Reifenberger G, Weller M, Loeffler M, von Deimling A: Patients with IDH1 wild type anaplastic astrocytomas exhibit worse prognosis than IDH1-mutated glioblastomas, and IDH1 mutation status accounts for the unfavorable prognostic effect of higher age: implications for classification of gliomas. Acta Neuropathol 2010;120:707–718.

6Horbinski C: Practical molecular diagnostics in neuropathology: making a tough job a little easier. Semin Diagn Pathol 2010;27:105–113.

7Jiao Y, Killela PJ, Reitman ZJ, Rasheed AB, Heaphy CM, de Wilde RF, Rodriguez FJ, Rosemberg S, Oba-Shinjo SM, Nagahashi Marie SK, Bettegowda C, Agrawal N, Lipp E, Pirozzi C, Lopez G, He Y, Friedman H, Friedman AH, Riggins GJ, Holdhoff M, Burger P, McLendon R, Bigner DD, Vogelstein B, Meeker AK, Kinzler KW, Papadopoulos N, Diaz LA, Yan H: Frequent ATRX, CIC, FUBP1 and IDH1 mutations refine the classification of malignant gliomas. Oncotarget 2012;3:709–722.

8Leu S, von Felten S, Frank S, Vassella E, Vajtai I, Taylor E, Schulz M, Hutter G, Hench J, Schucht P, Boulay JL, Mariani L: IDH/MGMT-driven molecular classification of low-grade glioma is a strong predictor for long-term survival. Neuro Oncol 2013;15:469–479.

9Weller M, Weber RG, Willscher E, Riehmer V, Hentschel B, Kreuz M, Felsberg J, Beyer U, Löffler-Wirth H, Kaulich K, Steinbach JP, Hartmann C, Gramatzki D, Schramm J, Westphal M, Schackert G, Simon M, Martens T, Boström J, Hagel C, Sabel M, Krex D, Tonn JC, Wick W, Noell S, Schlegel U, Radlwimmer B, Pietsch T, Loeffler M, von Deimling A, Binder H, Reifenberger G: Molecular classification of diffuse cerebral WHO grade II/III gliomas using genome- and transcriptome-wide profiling improves stratification of prognostically distinct patient groups. Acta Neuropathol 2015;129:679–693.

10Louis DN, Perry A, Burger P, Ellison DW, Reifenberger G, von Deimling A, Aldape K, Brat D, Collins VP, Eberhart C, Figarella-Branger D, Fuller GN, Giangaspero F, Giannini C, Hawkins C, Kleihues P, Korshunov A, Kros JM, Beatriz Lopes M, Ng HK, Ohgaki H, Paulus W, Pietsch T, Rosenblum M, Rushing E, Soylemezoglu F, Wiestler O, Wesseling P: International Society of Neuropathology – Haarlem consensus guidelines for nervous system tumor classification and grading. Brain Pathol 2014;24:429–435.

11Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, von Deimling A, Figarella-Branger D, Cavenee WK, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Kleihues P, Ellison DW: The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol 2016;131:803–820.

12Reuss DE, Sahm F, Schrimpf D, Wiestler B, Capper D, Koelsche C, Schweizer L, Korshunov A, Jones DT, Hovestadt V, Mittelbronn M, Schittenhelm J, Herold-Mende C, Unterberg A, Platten M, Weller M, Wick W, Pfister SM, von Deimling A: ATRX and IDH1-R132H immunohistochemistry with subsequent copy number analysis and IDH sequencing as a basis for an “integrated” diagnostic approach for adult astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol 2015;129:133–146.

13Appin CL, Brat DJ: Molecular pathways in gliomagenesis and their relevance to neuropathologic diagnosis. Adv Anat Pathol 2015;22:50–58.

14Ichimura K, Narita Y, Hawkins CE: Diffusely infiltrating astrocytomas: pathology, molecular mechanisms and markers. Acta Neuropathol 2015;129:789–808.

15Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Alassiri AH, Birks DK, Newell KL, Moore W, Lillehei KO: Epithelioid versus rhabdoid glioblastomas are distinguished by monosomy 22 and immunohistochemical expression of INI-1 but not claudin 6. Am J Surg Pathol 2010;34:341–354.

16Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Aisner DL, Birks DK, Foreman NK: Epithelioid GBMs show a high percentage of BRAF V600E mutation. Am J Surg Pathol 2013;37:685–698.

17Fontebasso AM, Bechet D, Jabado N: Molecular biomarkers in pediatric glial tumors: a needed wind of change. Curr Opin Oncol 2013;25:665–673.

18Ohgaki H, Kleihues P: Genetic pathways to primary and secondary glioblastoma. Am J Pathol 2007;170:1445–1453.

19Bailey P, Bucy PC: Oligodendrogliomas of the brain. J Pathol Bacteriol 1929;32:735–751.

20Yokoo H, Nobusawa S, Takebayashi H, Ikenaka K, Isoda K, Kamiya M, Sasaki A, Hirato J, Nakazato Y: Anti-human Olig2 antibody as a useful immunohistochemical marker of normal oligodendrocytes and gliomas. Am J Pathol 2004;164:1717–1725.

21Rousseau A, Nutt CL, Betensky RA, Iafrate AJ, Han M, Ligon KL, Rowitch DH, Louis DN: Expression of oligodendroglial and astrocytic lineage markers in diffuse gliomas: use of YKL-40, ApoE, ASCL1, and NKX2-2. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2006;65:1149–1156.

22Kim YH, Nobusawa S, Mittelbronn M, Paulus W, Brokinkel B, Keyvani K, Sure U, Wrede K, Nakazato Y, Tanaka Y, Vital A, Mariani L, Stawski R, Watanabe T, De Girolami U, Kleihues P, Ohgaki H: Molecular classification of low-grade diffuse gliomas. Am J Pathol 2010;177:2708–2714.

23Mørk SJ, Halvorsen TB, Lindegaard KF, Eide GE: Oligodendroglioma. Histologic evaluation and prognosis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1986;45:65–78.

24Sahm F, Reuss D, Koelsche C, Capper D, Schittenhelm J, Heim S, Jones DT, Pfister SM, Herold-Mende C, Wick W, Mueller W, Hartmann C, Paulus W, von Deimling A: Farewell to oligoastrocytoma: in situ molecular genetics favor classification as either oligodendroglioma or astrocytoma. Acta Neuropathol 2014;128:551–559.

25Wiestler B, Capper D, Holland-Letz T, Korshunov A, von Deimling A, Pfister SM, Platten M, Weller M, Wick W: ATRX loss refines the classification of anaplastic gliomas and identifies a subgroup of IDH mutant astrocytic tumors with better prognosis. Acta Neuropathol 2013;126:443–451.

26Wilcox P, Li CC, Lee M, Shivalingam B, Brennan J, Suter CM, Kaufman K, Lum T, Buckland ME: Oligoastrocytomas: throwing the baby out with the bathwater? Acta Neuropathol 2015;129:147–149.

27Daumas-Duport C, Scheithauer B, O’Fallon J, Kelly P: Grading of astrocytomas. A simple and reproducible method. Cancer 1988;62:2152–2165.

28Ribalta T, McCutcheon IE, Aldape KD, Bruner JM, Fuller GN: The mitosis-specific antibody anti-phosphohistone-H3 (PHH3) facilitates rapid reliable grading of meningiomas according to WHO 2000 criteria. Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:1532–1536.

29Noushmehr H, Weisenberger DJ, Diefes K, Phillips HS, Pujara K, Berman BP, Pan F, Pelloski CE, Sulman EP, Bhat KP, Verhaak RG, Hoadley KA, Hayes DN, Perou CM, Schmidt HK, Ding L, Wilson RK, Van Den Berg D, Shen H, Bengtsson H, Neuvial P, Cope LM, Buckley J, Herman JG, Baylin SB, Laird PW, Aldape K: Identification of a CpG island methylator phenotype that defines a distinct subgroup of glioma. Cancer Cell 2010;17:510–522.

30Lass U, Nümann A, von Eckardstein K, Kiwit J, Stockhammer F, Horaczek JA, Veelken J, Herold-Mende C, Jeuken J, von Deimling A, Mueller W: Clonal analysis in recurrent astrocytic, oligoastrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors implicates IDH1- mutation as common tumor initiating event. PLoS One 2012;7(7):e41298.

31Arita H, Narita Y, Fukushima S, Tateishi K, Matsushita Y, Yoshida A, Miyakita Y, Ohno M, Collins VP, Kawahara N, Shibui S, Ichimura K: Upregulating mutations in the TERT promoter commonly occur in adult malignant gliomas and are strongly associated with total 1p19q loss. Acta Neuropathol 2013;126:267–276.

32Suzuki H, Aoki K, Chiba K, Sato Y, Shiozawa Y, Shiraishi Y, Shimamura T, Niida A, Motomura K, Ohka F, Yamamoto T, Tanahashi K, Ranjit M, Wakabayashi T, Yoshizato T, Kataoka K, Yoshida K, Nagata Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Tanaka H, Sanada M, Kondo Y, Nakamura H, Mizoguchi M, Abe T, Muragaki Y, Watanabe R, Ito I, Miyano S, Natsume A, Ogawa S: Mutational landscape and clonal architecture in grade II and III gliomas. Nat Genet 2015;47:458–468.

33Melin B, Jenkins R: Genetics in glioma: lessons learned from genome-wide association studies. Curr Opin Neurol 2013;26:688–692.

34SongTao Q, Lei Y, Si G, YanQing D, HuiXia H, XueLin Z, LanXiao W, Fei Y: IDH mutations predict longer survival and response to temozolomide in secondary glioblastoma. Cancer Sci 2012;103:269–273.

35Phillips JJ, Aranda D, Ellison DW, Judkins AR, Croul SE, Brat DJ, Ligon KL, Horbinski C, Venneti S, Zadeh G, Santi M, Zhou S, Appin CL, Sioletic S, Sullivan LM, Martinez-Lage M, Robinson AE, Yong WH, Cloughesy T, Lai A, Phillips HS, Marshall R, Mueller S, Haas-Kogan DA, Molinaro AM, Perry A: PDGFRA amplification is common in pediatric and adult high-grade astrocytomas and identifies a poor prognostic group in IDH1 mutant glioblastoma. Brain Pathol 2013;23:565–573.

36Labussière M, Boisselier B, Mokhtari K, Di Stefano AL, Rahimian A, Rossetto M, Ciccarino P, Saulnier O, Paterra R, Marie Y, Finocchiaro G, Sanson M: Combined analysis of TERT, EGFR, and IDH status defines distinct prognostic glioblastoma classes. Neurology 2014;83:1200–1206.

37Karsy M, Neil JA, Guan J, Mahan MA, Colman H, Jensen RL: A practical review of prognostic correlations of molecular biomarkers in glioblastoma. Neurosurg Focus 2015;38(3):E4.

38Figarella-Branger D, Bouvier C, de Paula AM, Mokhtari K, Colin C, Loundou A, Chinot O, Metellus P: Molecular genetics of adult grade II gliomas: towards a comprehensive tumor classification system. J Neurooncol 2012;110:205–213.

39Mistry M, Zhukova N, Merico D, Rakopoulos P, Krishnatry R, Shago M, Stavropoulos J, Alon N, Pole JD, Ray PN, Navickiene V, Mangerel J, Remke M, Buczkowicz P, Ramaswamy V, Guerreiro Stucklin A, Li M, Young EJ, Zhang C, Castelo-Branco P, Bakry D, Laughlin S, Shlien A, Chan J, Ligon KL, Rutka JT, Dirks PB, Taylor MD, Greenberg M, Malkin D, Huang A, Bouffet E, Hawkins CE, Tabori U: BRAF mutation and CDKN2A deletion define a clinically distinct subgroup of childhood secondary high-grade glioma. J Clin Oncol 2015;33:1015–1022.

40Zhang J, Wu G, Miller CP, Tatevossian RG, Dalton JD, Tang B, Orisme W, Punchihewa C, Parker M, Qaddoumi I, Boop FA, Lu C, Kandoth C, Ding L, Lee R, Huether R, Chen X, Hedlund E, Nagahawatte P, Rusch M, Boggs K, Cheng J, Becksfort J, Ma J, Song G, Li Y, Wei L, Wang J, Shurtleff S, Easton J, Zhao D, Fulton RS, Fulton LL, Dooling DJ, Vadodaria B, Mulder HL, Tang C, Ochoa K, Mullighan CG, Gajjar A, Kriwacki R, Sheer D, Gilbertson RJ, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Downing JR, Baker SJ, Ellison DW: Whole-genome sequencing identifies genetic alterations in pediatric low-grade gliomas. Nat Genet 2013;45:602–612.

41Parsons DW, Jones S, Zhang X, Lin JC, Leary RJ, Angenendt P, Mankoo P, Carter H, Siu IM, Gallia GL, Olivi A, McLendon R, Rasheed BA, Keir S, Nikolskaya T, Nikolsky Y, Busam DA, Tekleab H, Diaz LA Jr, Hartigan J, Smith DR, Strausberg RL, Marie SK, Shinjo SM, Yan H, Riggins GJ, Bigner DD, Karchin R, Papadopoulos N, Parmigiani G, Vogelstein B, Velculescu VE, Kinzler KW: An integrated genomic analysis of human glioblastoma multiforme. Science 2008;321:1807–1812.

42Yan H, Parsons DW, Jin G, McLendon R, Rasheed BA, Yuan W, Kos I, Batinic-Haberle I, Jones S, Riggins GJ, Friedman H, Friedman A, Reardon D, Herndon J, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE, Vogelstein B, Bigner DD: IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomas. N Engl J Med 2009;360:765–773.

43Horbinski C, Kofler J, Yeaney G, Camelo-Piragua S, Venneti S, Louis DN, Perry A, Murdoch G, Nikiforova M: Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 analysis differentiates gangliogliomas from infiltrative gliomas. Brain Pathol 2011;21:564–574.

44Arita H, Narita Y, Yoshida A, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T, Ichimura K: IDH1/2 mutation detection in gliomas. Brain Tumor Pathol 2015;32:79–89.

45Takano S, Tian W, Matsuda M, Yamamoto T, Ishikawa E, Kaneko MK, Yamazaki K, Kato Y, Matsumura A: Detection of IDH1 mutation in human gliomas: comparison of immunohistochemistry and sequencing. Brain Tumor Pathol 2011;28:115–123.

46Kato Y: Specific monoclonal antibodies against IDH1/2 mutations as diagnostic tools for gliomas. Brain Tumor Pathol 2015;32:3–11.

47Sasaki H, Zlatescu MC, Betensky RA, Johnk LB, Cutone AN, Cairncross JG, Louis DN: Histopathological-molecular genetic correlations in referral pathologist-diagnosed low-grade “oligodendroglioma”. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2002;61:58–63.

48Leu S, von Felten S, Frank S, Boulay JL, Mariani L: IDH mutation is associated with higher risk of malignant transformation in low-grade glioma. J Neurooncol 2016;127:363–372.

49Lang FF, Miller DC, Koslow M, Newcomb EW: Pathways leading to glioblastoma multiforme: a molecular analysis of genetic alterations in 65 astrocytic tumors. J Neurosurg 1994;81:427–436.

50Kraus JA, Glesmann N, Beck M, Krex D, Klockgether T, Schackert G, Schlegel U: Molecular analysis of the PTEN, TP53 and CDKN2A tumor suppressor genes in long-term survivors of glioblastoma multiforme. J Neurooncol 2000;48:89–94.

51Nozaki M, Tada M, Kobayashi H, Zhang CL, Sawamura Y, Abe H, Ishii N, Van Meir EG: Roles of the functional loss of p53 and other genes in astrocytoma tumorigenesis and progression. Neuro Oncol 1999;1:124–137.

52Gillet E, Alentorn A, Doukouré B, Mundwiller E, van Thuijl HF, Reijneveld JC, Medina JA, Liou A, Marie Y, Mokhtari K, Hoang-Xuan K, Sanson M, Delattre JY, Idbaih A: TP53 and p53 statuses and their clinical impact in diffuse low grade gliomas. J Neurooncol 2014;118:131–139.

53Levidou G, El-Habr E, Saetta AA, Bamias C, Katsouyanni K, Patsouris E, Korkolopoulou P: p53 immunoexpression as a prognostic marker for human astrocytomas: a meta-analysis and review of the literature. J Neurooncol 2010;100:363–371.

54Reis GF, Pekmezci M, Hansen HM, Rice T, Marshall RE, Molinaro AM, Phillips JJ, Vogel H, Wiencke JK, Wrensch MR, Walsh KM, Perry A: CDKN2A loss is associated with shortened overall survival in lower-grade (World Health Organization Grades II–III) astrocytomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2015;74:442–452.

55Mur P, Mollejo M, Hernández-Iglesias T, de Lope ÁR, Castresana JS, García JF, Fiaño C, Ribalta T, Rey JA, Meléndez B: Molecular classification defines 4 prognostically distinct glioma groups irrespective of diagnosis and grade. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2015;74:241–249.

56Zhao J, Ma W, Zhao H: Loss of heterozygosity 1p/19q and survival in glioma: a meta-analysis. Neuro Oncol 2014;16:103–112.

57Mizoguchi M, Yoshimoto K, Ma X, Guan Y, Hata N, Amano T, Nakamizo A, Suzuki SO, Iwaki T, Sasaki T: Molecular characteristics of glioblastoma with 1p/19q co-deletion. Brain Tumor Pathol 2012;29:148–153.

58Jenkins RB, Blair H, Ballman KV, Giannini C, Arusell RM, Law M, Flynn H, Passe S, Felten S, Brown PD, Shaw EG, Buckner JC: A t(1;19)(q10;p10) mediates the combined deletions of 1p and 19q and predicts a better prognosis of patients with oligodendroglioma. Cancer Res 2006;66:9852–9861.

59Bettegowda C, Agrawal N, Jiao Y, Sausen M, Wood LD, Hruban RH, Rodriguez FJ, Cahill DP, McLendon R, Riggins G, Velculescu VE, Oba-Shinjo SM, Marie SK, Vogelstein B, Bigner D, Yan H, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW: Mutations in CIC and FUBP1 contribute to human oligodendroglioma. Science 2011;333:1453–1455.

60Sahm F, Koelsche C, Meyer J, Pusch S, Lindenberg K, Mueller W, Herold-Mende C, von Deimling A, Hartmann C: CIC and FUBP1 mutations in oligodendrogliomas, oligoastrocytomas and astrocytomas. Acta Neurpathol 2012;123:853–860.

61Mizoguchi M, Kuga D, Guan Y, Hata N, Nakamizo A, Yoshimoto K, Sasaki T: Loss of heterozygosity analysis in malignant gliomas. Brain Tumor Pathol 2011;28:191–196.

62Komori T, Hirose T, Shibuya M, Suzuki H, Tanaka S, Sasaki A: Controversies over the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma: a report from the satellite workshop at the 4th International Symposium of Brain Tumor Pathology, Nagoya Congress Center, May 23, 2012. Brain Tumor Pathol 2013;30:253–261.

63Weller M, Berger H, Hartmann C, Schramm J, Westphal M, Simon M, Goldbrunner R, Krex D, Steinbach JP, Ostertag CB, Loeffler M, Pietsch T, von Deimling A: Combined 1p/19q loss in oligodendroglial tumors: predictive or prognostic biomarker? Clin Cancer Res 2007;13:6933-6937.

64Speirs CK, Simpson JR, Robinson CG, DeWees TA, Tran DD, Linette G, Chicoine MR, Dacey RG, Rich KM, Dowling JL, Leuthardt EC, Zipfel GJ, Kim AH, Huang J: Impact of 1p/19q codeletion and histology on outcomes of anaplastic gliomas treated with radiation therapy and temozolomide. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015;91:268–276.

65Heimberger AB, Hlatky R, Suki D, Yang D, Weinberg J, Gilbert M, Sawaya R, Aldape K: Prognostic effect of epidermal growth factor receptor and EGFRvIII in glioblastoma multiforme patients. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:1462–1466.

66Sampson JH, Archer GE, Mitchell DA, Heimberger AB, Bigner DD: Tumor-specific immunotherapy targeting the EGFRvIII mutation in patients with malignant glioma. Semin Immunol 2008;20:267–275.

67Wick W, Meisner C, Hentschel B, Platten M, Schilling A, Wiestler B, Sabel MC, Koeppen S, Ketter R, Weiler M, Tabatabai G, von Deimling A, Gramatzki D, Westphal M, Schackert G, Loeffler M, Simon M, Reifenberger G, Weller M: Prognostic or predictive value of MGMT promoter methylation in gliomas depends on IDH1 mutation. Neurology 2013;81:1515–1522.

68Hegi ME, Diserens AC, Gorlia T, Hamou MF, de Tribolet N, Weller M, Kros JM, Hainfellner JA, Mason W, Mariani L, Bromberg JE, Hau P, Mirimanoff RO, Cairncross JG, Janzer RC, Stupp R: MGMT gene silencing and benefit from temozolomide in glioblastoma. N Engl J Med 2005;352:997–1003.

69Malmström A, Grønberg BH, Marosi C, Stupp R, Frappaz D, Schultz H, Abacioglu U, Tavelin B, Lhermitte B, Hegi ME, Rosell J, Henriksson R: Temozolomide versus standard 6-week radiotherapy versus hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients older than 60 years with glioblastoma: the Nordic randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2012;13:916–926.

70Schindler G, Capper D, Meyer J, Janzarik W, Omran H, Herold-Mende C, Schmieder K, Wesseling P, Mawrin C, Hasselblatt M, Louis DN, Korshunov A, Pfister S, Hartmann C, Paulus W, Reifenberger G, von Deimling A: Analysis of BRAF V600E mutation in 1,320 nervous system tumors reveals high mutation frequencies in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, ganglioglioma and extra-cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma. Acta Neuropathol 2011;121:397–405.

71Korshunov A, Meyer J, Capper D, Christians A, Remke M, Witt H, Pfister S, von Deimling A, Hartmann C: Combined molecular analysis of BRAF and IDH1 distinguishes pilocytic astrocytoma from diffuse astrocytoma. Acta Neuropathol 2009;118:401–405.

72Beaumont TL, Limbrick DD, Smyth MD: Advances in the management of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Childs Nerv Syst 2012;28:963–968.

73Chaichana KL, McGirt MJ, Laterra J, Olivi A, Quiñones-Hinojosa A: Recurrence and malignant degeneration after resection of adult hemispheric low-grade gliomas. J Neurosurg 2010;112:10–17.

74Jaeckle KA, Decker PA, Ballman KV, Flynn PJ, Giannini C, Scheithauer BW, Jenkins RB, Buckner JC: Transformation of low grade glioma and correlation with outcome: an NCCTG database analysis. J Neurooncol 2011;104:253–259.

75Potts MB, Smith JS, Molinaro AM, Berger MS: Natural history and surgical management of incidentally discovered low-grade gliomas. J Neurosurg 2012;116:365–372.

76The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network: Comprehensive genomic characterization defines human glioblastoma genes and core pathways. Nature 2008;455:1061–1068.

77Wiestler B, Capper D, Hovestadt V, Sill M, Jones DT, Hartmann C, Felsberg J, Platten M, Feiden W, Keyvani K, Pfister SM, Wiestler OD, Meyermann R, Reifenberger G, Pietsch T, von Deimling A, Weller M, Wick W: Assessing CpG island methylator phenotype, 1p/19q codeletion, and MGMT promoter methylation from epigenome-wide data in the biomarker cohort of the NOA-04 trial. Neuro Oncol 2014;16:1630–1638.

78Nitta M, Muragaki Y, Maruyama T, Ikuta S, Komori T, Maebayashi K, Iseki H, Tamura M, Saito T, Okamoto S, Chernov M, Hayashi M, Okada Y: Proposed therapeutic strategy for adult low-grade glioma based on aggressive tumor resection. Neurosurg Focus 2015;38(1):E7.

79Louis DN: The next step in brain tumor classification: “Let us now praise famous men”… or molecules? Acta Neuropathol 2012;124:761–762.

Takashi Komori, MD, PhD

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Neuropathology)

Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital

2-6-1 Musashidai, Fuchu

Tokyo 183-0042 (Japan)

E-Mail komori-tk@igakuken.or.jp

Intracranial Gliomas Part II - Adjuvant Therapy

Подняться наверх