Читать книгу A History of Neuropsychology - Группа авторов - Страница 44

In his first paper [1], Pierre Marie showed a patient who did not show any language disturbance in spite of a destructive lesion of Broca’s area, but the destructive lesion of the case of this patient is actually situated anterior to the horizontal ramus of Sylvian fissure (Fig. 4a), that is to say on Area 46 of Brodmann and we can never know whether Broca’s area (Area 44 and 45) is affected or not, because these 2 cortical areas are completely missing from the illustration.

Fig. 4.a Marie’s non-aphasic case with a destructive lesion which Marie thought had destroyed Broca’s area but actually the lesion is located in Area 46. b Marie’s case with Broca aphasia without lesion on the Broca’s area. Areas 44 and 45 are missing. c Dejerine’s case cited by Marie as a case of Broca aphasia without lesion on the Broca’s area. Area 45 of the Broca’s area is evidently affected. (a cited from [1], Band c cited from [2]).

In his second paper [2], Marie showed an illustration of brain slice of Case Bal…, who clinically showed Broca’s aphasia (Fig. 4b). According to Marie, the lesions of this patient affected the “zone lenticulaire” and the deep white matter of the Wernicke area together with the white matter of the temporal lobe. But again, since both opercular and triangular parts of Broca’s area are missing from the illustration, we can never know whether these most important cortical areas are intact or not. In this paper [2], Marie cited the illustration of the brain slice of Bernheim’s case with Broca’s aphasia which appeared in Dejerine’s book (Fig. 4c). Marie discussed the clinicopathological similarities between these two cases, but the illustration of the Bernheim’s patient cited in Marie’s paper clearly shows that the opercular part of the inferior frontal gyrus corresponding to Area 44 is preserved but the triangular part of the same gyrus corresponding to Area 45 of the Broca’s area is totally damaged and atrophied. Marie seemed to have repeatedly made errors in identifying the anatomical site of the Broca’s area not only in his own cases, but also with the anatomo-pathological reports of other investigators [6].