Читать книгу A History of Neuropsychology - Группа авторов - Страница 46

Similar error of identification of the easily detached small pieces of Broca’s area was also seen in Figure 225 of Dejerine’s “Anatomie de Centres Nerveux, Tome 1” [8]. The figure (Fig. 5) is a horizontal slice of normal brain and clearly shows two small pieces within the Sylvian fissure. Dejerine identified the posterior piece as Rolandic operculum and the anterior piece as frontal operculum, and the deep fissure between these two pieces as frontal opercular incisure, but the truth is that this deep fissure is ascending ramus of Sylvian fissure and the anterior piece which Dejerine identified as frontal operculum is actually the triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus. Due to this misidentification of the ascending ramus of Sylvian fissure, Dejerine noted erroneously the above-mentioned anterior piece of brain as the opercular part and the cerebral gyrus situated anterior to this fissure as the triangular part (cap de la troisième circonvolution), but his anatomical identification was incorrect (Fig. 5).

Fig. 5. Dejerine’s error in identifying the triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (corrected anatomical names are given with arrows; modified from [8]).

Consequently, as to the identification of triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus including Area 45 of Brodmann in the horizontal brain slice, Dejerine shared the same error with Marie. As shown above, Marie showed in his first paper [1] a case of his own who had no language impairment in spite of a lesion on the Broca’s area. The site of the lesion of this case was erroneously located on the triangular part by Marie, and the real site of the lesion was on the anterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus, probably Area 46 of Brodmann. Dejerine did not point out the misidentification of the site of the lesion of this case, since he had made the same error of identification of triangular part in the horizontal brain slice [8]. It seems rather very strange that both the experts in clinicopathological studies of aphasia had shared the same mistake. Marie’s papers finally elicited the famous aphasia debate in 1908, but the problem of incorrect location of the Broca’s area, especially of Area 45, was never discussed either by Marie or by Dejerine, because not only Marie but also Dejerine had made the same error in identifying Area 45 of the Broca’s area in the horizontal brain slice.