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Submarines are the hidden players of any warfare, which have the capability to change the result of warfare. Submarines have capabilities to surprise enemies. Since they operate under the water, it is very difficult to trace them. One drawback with submarines is that they need crew members to operate them. Autonomous submarines will solve this problem, and this type of submarine is currently under development.

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) developed the Sea Hunter in 2018, having a length of 40 meters, speed of 27 knots. The Sea Hunter operates up to three months at a time without a crew or anyone controlling it remotely. As of late, the U.S. Office of Naval Research showed an armada of self-ruling pontoons imparting and swarming an objective altogether. Their possible future use? Shielding harbors from assault [19]. Asia and Europe are additionally dealing with different unmanned boat ventures. In the UK, the Royal Navy as of late took was responsible for an autonomous minesweeper framework that can clear ocean mines.

Autonomous ships and submarines that utilize on-board PC frameworks, GPS, sonar, laser, infrared and different sensors, are improving reconnaissance and warranting a substantial amount of investments to fund. For Sea Hunter, the operational quotes run from US$15,000 to US$20,000 every day. Contrast that with an everyday cost of around US$700,000 to operatea destroyer [23].

As per DARPA, these submarines could transform United State naval operations and can lead the way to a new type of naval warfare. These autonomous ships and submarines are capable of changing the result of any warfare, without losing a single life. Figure 3.8 shows autonomous submarines and ships that are in the testing phase of development.

Figure 3.8 Autonomous submarines and ships currently under development.