Читать книгу The Esophagus - Группа авторов - Страница 135

Three control mechanisms interact and integrate effectively to ensure smooth muscle peristalsis: (i) the central SPG [5, 7, 26, 35], through sequential efferent signals to the esophagus via the vagus nerves [39, 213, 214]; (ii) an intramural neural mechanism that can result in peristalsis near the onset of vagal stimulation or intraluminal balloon distention (“on contraction” or “A wave”) or after the stimulus or distention are terminated (“off contraction” or “B wave”) [166,215–217]; and (iii) a myogenic mechanism [165, 218, 219]. Regardless of mechanism, swallow‐induced peristaltic contraction is highly atropine sensitive in the human, monkey, and (especially) cat [205, 210,220–222], suggesting mediation by intramural cholinergic neurons.