Читать книгу The Esophagus - Группа авторов - Страница 72

Motor output to the muscular apparatus of the oropharynx for swallowing is transmitted by axons, whose cell bodies are located in the brainstem swallowing centers. These include motor nuclei of the trigeminal (V), facial (VII), and hypoglossal (XII) nerves [44]. It also includes the NA, which not only consists of the premotor commanding neuron, but also houses large motor neurons that are distributed to striated muscles innervated by the glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) nerves [45].