Читать книгу The Handbook of Language and Speech Disorders - Группа авторов - Страница 20

The use of diagnostic terms like language disorder, childhood apraxia, dementia, learning disability, specific language impairment (now usually referred to as developmental language disorder), autism, ADHD, auditory processing disorder, and many others, as labels for individuals and their impairments is not always objective or valid and, as a result, there are many possible consequences inherent in the diagnostic process that can have an impact on the diagnosed individual. If the label or diagnostic category appears valid and is correctly attached to an individual, positive consequences may accrue. However, there may also be problems. For example, some diagnostic categories themselves are suspect and merely function as mechanisms of current societal values, power or control (e.g., Abberley, 1987; Conrad, 1992; Mehan, 1996; O’Connor & Fernandez, 2006). If the label or category is invalid or if the individual is misdiagnosed, the resulting consequences are frequently negative.