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The attachment of the reflection of preputial skin to the free portion of the penis is susceptible to avulsion injury at the time of breeding, but this injury occurs more commonly when semen is collected with an AV. If the AV is inappropriately sized or not properly lubricated, preputial skin will not easily slide down the interior of the latex liner and can be avulsed or torn from its attachment to the penis at the time of the ejaculatory lunge. This injury can often be recognized immediately following service with the AV when blood is seen at the external preputial orifice. Extension of the penis allows visual observation of the avulsion injury, typically located on the ventrum of the penis (Figure 15.11) [21]. Unlike preputial lacerations which occur at the time of breeding, the underlying tissues are not severely traumatized and immediate repair by direct suture of the avulsed tissues is recommended. Prognosis following early detection and repair is good [21]. If not noticed early and repaired immediately, hemorrhage and wound sepsis may complicate management but careful dissection and reattachment of the avulsed tissue can still be successful.

Figure 15.11 Preputial avulsion. Notice the separation of the attachment of the preputial skin from its attachment at the base of the glans penis. Such injuries most commonly occur during collection of semen in a poorly prepared AV but sometimes, as in this case, occur during natural breeding.

Source: Image courtesy Jessica Rush.

When collecting semen with an AV the person collecting the semen should be appropriately trained, a suitable AV and liner should be selected and properly prepared, and bulls should always be observed closely following collection [21].