Читать книгу Liquid Biofuels - Группа авторов - Страница 20

Herbal resources used for biomass energy production are in a wide range. Herbal sources include forest products, some tree species that grow very quickly, algae-like herbs, algae and energy plants grown in water. Energy sourced plants (C4) are panicum, pancitum, sugar beet, sweet millet, sweet sorghum, sugarcane, corn [36]. Ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol are obtained from the biomass of plant origin. Energy plants absorb CO₂ and use water better than other plants and become more resistant to drought. Ethanol is obtained from sugar carbonates (sugar cane, molasses and sorghum), starches (corn and potatoes) and cellulose plants (wood and agricultural residues) [37].

An average of 80-100 tons of wet or 25-30 tons of dry biomass is obtained from one hectare of field per year on a medium-yield land to produce biomass energy by making use of plant sources. It is certain that in semi-tropical regions, which are more suitable in terms of climatic conditions, the yield can reach 40 tons of biomass per hectare. The unit cost of the energy obtained from biomass can compete with other fuels [37, 38].