Читать книгу Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis - Группа авторов - Страница 4

1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Number of published IPD meta‐analysis articles over time, based o...

2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Key differences between the process for a IPD meta‐analysis proje...

3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Typical phases of an IPD meta‐analysis project.

4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Overview of key steps involved in obtaining, managing and checkin...Figure 4.2 PICOS example: objective and eligibility criteria for an IPD meta...Figure 4.3 Excerpt from a trial‐level data collection form for the STOPCAP M...Figure 4.4 Excerpts from the website https://www.york.ac.uk/crd/research/epp...Figure 4.5 Median follow‐up based on published aggregate data compared to up...Figure 4.6 Summary of the data validity, range and consistency checks on IPD...Figure 4.7 The cumulative number of participants randomised to the intervent...Figure 4.8 The cumulative number of participants allocated to chemotherapy o...Figure 4.9 Date (shown by year‐month) participants were allocated to treatme...Figure 4.10 Days of the week participants were allocated to treatment and co...Figure 4.11 Percentage of participants excluded from the original analyses o...Figure 4.12 ‘Reverse’ Kaplan‐Meier analysis of participants who are event‐fr...Figure 4.13 Example of items to include in summary of finalised trial IPD fo...

5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Posterior distributions after applying a Bayesian random treatmen...Figure 5.2 Forest plots of two hypothetical meta‐analyses that give the same...

6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Results of the simulation study of Abo‐Zaid et al.,³ comparing (a...Figure 6.2 Simulation results for binary outcomes from Riley et al.¹⁸¹ for s...Figure 6.3 Baseline hazard functions from ML estimation of a one‐stage IPD m...Figure 6.4 Estimated baseline hazard rate for one of the 10 trials included ...

7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Scatter plot (on logit scale) of p‐values from 31 re‐analyses of ...Figure 7.2 A two‐stage IPD meta‐analysis of treatment‐sex interactions, summ...Figure 7.3 Is blood pressure–lowering treatment more effective amongst women...Figure 7.4 Bland‐Altman plot showing level of agreement between treatment‐co...Figure 7.5 PORT meta‐analysis results for the interaction between treatment ...Figure 7.6 Representations of how the effect of an early supported hospital ...Figure 7.7 Evidence for a potential non‐linear interaction between age and t...Figure 7.8 Evidence of a potential non‐linear interaction between baseline S...Figure 7.9 The predicted effect of anti‐hypertensive treatment on SBP condit...

8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 One‐stage and two‐stage IPD meta‐analysis summary results from 10...Figure 8.2 Forest plot showing the one‐stage and two‐stage IPD meta‐analysis...Figure 8.3 Forest plot showing one‐stage and two‐stage IPD meta‐analysis res...Figure 8.4 Summary treatment effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals f...

9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Examination of small‐study effects in an IPD meta‐analysis to eva...Figure 9.2 Forest plot of the IPD meta‐analysis^* of Martineau et al.²⁴, with...Figure 9.3 Example of combining IPD and non‐IPD trials in an IPD meta‐analys...Figure 9.4 Contour‐enhanced funnel plots for the IPD meta‐analysis of Rogozi...

10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Example of the PRISMA‐IPD flowchart applied to an IPD meta‐analy...Figure 10.2 Example of a figure displaying the extent and pattern of missing...

11 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Simulation‐based power estimates (based on 10,000 replications) ...Figure 12.2 Simulation‐based power estimates (based on 10,000 replications) ...Figure 12.3 Simulation‐based power estimates for the planned two‐stage IPD m...Figure 12.4 Predictive distribution for the true treatment effect in a new P...

12 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 Scatterplot of 10,000 pairs of treatment effect estimates on sys...Figure 13.2 Relationship between the observed treatment effect estimates on ...Figure 13.3 Forest plot comparing the summary treatment effect results and p...Figure 13.4 Relationship between the observed treatment effect estimates on ...Figure 13.5 Comparison of summary meta‐analysis results for outcome 1 in the...

13 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Visual representation of direct and indirect evidence toward the...Figure 14.2 Network map of the direct comparisons available in the 28 trials...Figure 14.3 Extended forest plot showing the thrombolytics network meta‐anal...Figure 14.4 Plots of the ranking probability for each treatment considered i...Figure 14.5 Ranking of antimanic drugs for response and acceptability, based...Figure 14.6 The UNCOVER^228,229 and FIXTURE²²⁷ trials form a network of six t...Figure 14.7 Average treatment effect estimates at the population level, for ...

14 Chapter 15Figure 15.1 Summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the d...Figure 15.2 Confidence and prediction regions following application of model...Figure 15.3 Predictive (posterior) distributions for the true sensitivity an...Figure 15.4 Results of an IPD meta‐analysis of 29 studies (6725 participants...Figure 15.5 Histograms showing the observed distributions of ear temperature...Figure 15.6 Summary normal distribution for the fever and non‐fever groups b...Figure 15.7 Summary ROC curves when applying the conventional bivariate mode...

15 Chapter 16Figure 16.1 Forest plot showing the study estimates and IPD meta‐analysis re...Figure 16.2 Non‐linear prognostic relationship between temperature and relat...Figure 16.3 IPD meta‐analysis to examine whether glucose is a prognostic fac...Figure 16.4 Summary of the relationship between MVD and mortality rate, acco...Figure 16.5 Summary estimate and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the relati...Figure 16.6 Prognostic effect of BMI for subsequent cardiovascular disease, ...Figure 16.7 Contour‐enhanced funnel plot of the 31 studies included in the m...

16 Chapter 17Figure 17.1 Examples of the calibration performance of a logistic regression...Figure 17.2 Forest plot showing study‐specific and IPD meta‐analysis results...Figure 17.3 Meta‐regression showing a strong association between the observe...Figure 17.4 Summary estimates (and 95% CIs) of standardised and unstandardis...Figure 17.5 Overall calibration performance of a prognostic model for breast...Figure 17.6 Overall^* calibration performance of a prediction model for morta...Figure 17.7 Calibration of QRISK2 and the Framingham risk score in women age...Figure 17.8 Forest plot of summary calibration slopes for different predicti...Figure 17.9 Calibration plots for models predicting late‐onset pre‐eclampsia...Figure 17.10 Top panel: Summary and predicted decision curves for diagnosing...

17 Chapter 18Figure 18.1 Options to analysing multiple imputation datasets in an IPD meta...Figure 18.2 IPD meta‐analysis of 10 studies examining the prognostic effect ...Figure 18.3 Summary results from a one‐stage IPD meta‐analysis of the GREAT ...Figure 18.4 MCMC sampling chain for the beta corresponding to history of dia...