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 Lupus anticoagulant present in plasma, on two or more occasions at least 12 weeks apart, detected according to the guidelines of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (scientific subcommittee on lupus anticoagulants/phospholipid‐dependent antibodies).

 Anticardiolipin antibody of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or IgM isotype in serum or plasma, present in medium or high titer (i.e. >40 GPL units or MPL units, or >99th centile), on two or more occasions, at least 12 weeks apart, measured by a standardized enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

 Anti‐β2 glycoprotein‐I antibody of IgG and/or IgM isotype in serum or plasma (in titer >99th centile), present on two or more occasions, at least 12 weeks apart, measured by a standardized ELISA, according to recommended procedures.

Prophylactic therapy is probably not necessary during controlled ovarian stimulation, when the risk of thrombosis is minimal [14]. Given the rarity of occurrence of VTE prior to hCG, and the potential for increased risk of significant intra‐abdominal bleeding, which may occur following oocyte retrieval, medical thromboprophylaxis should be delayed until after oocyte retrieval. A suggested approach is provided in Figure 8.1. If thromboprophylaxis is commenced with ovarian stimulation, a good approach would be to withhold LMWH for 24 hours prior to oocyte retrieval and recommence it 12 hours after the procedure [15].

All patients diagnosed with moderate to severe OHSS, even those being managed on an outpatient basis, should receive thromboprophylaxis. The duration of treatment should be individualized, taking into account risk factors and whether or not conception occurs [8].