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1 8 Aldo Leopold, ‘The Land Ethic’, pp. 201–26 (abridged) from A Sand County Almanac: And Sketches Here and There (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1949; repr. 1977), © 1949 by Oxford University Press. Reproduced with permission of Oxford University Press.

2 9a Judith Jarvis Thomson, ‘A Defense of Abortion’, pp. 47–66 from Philosophy & Public Affairs 1:1 (Autumn 1971). © 1971 John Wiley & Sons. Reproduced with permission of John Wiley & Sons.

3 9b Patrick Lee and Robert P. George, ‘The Wrong of Abortion’, in Andrew I. Cohen and Christopher Wellman (ed.), Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics (Oxford: Blackwell, 2005). © 2005 John Wiley & Sons. Reproduced with permission of John Wiley & Sons.

4 10 Peter Singer, ‘Famine, Affluence, and Morality’, pp. 229–243 from Philosophy & Public Affairs, 1:3 (1972). © 1972 John Wiley & Sons. Reproduced with permission of John Wiley & Sons.

5 11 James Rachels, ‘Active and Passive Euthanasia’, pp. 78–80 from The New England Journal of Medicine 292:1 (1975). © 1975 Massachusetts Medical Society. Reproduced with permission of Massachusetts Medical Society.

6 12 Leon R. Kass, ‘The Wisdom of Repugnance’, pp. 17–26 from The New Republic, 216:22 (June 2, 1997). © 1997 by Leon Kass. Reproduced with permission of the author.