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The submandibular duct is about 62 mm long and 3 mm in diameter in the adult. The wall of the submandibular duct is thinner than that of the parotid duct. It arises from numerous tributaries in the superficial lobe and emerges from the medial surface of this lobe just behind the posterior border of the mylohyoid. It crosses the deep lobe, passing upwards, and slightly backward for 5 mm before running forwards between the mylohyoid and hyoglossus muscles. As it passes forward, it runs between the sublingual gland and genioglossus to open into the floor of the mouth on the summit of the sublingual papilla at the side of the lingual frenum just below the tip of the tongue. It lies between the lingual and hypoglossal nerves on the hyoglossus. At the anterior border of the hyoglossus muscle, it is crossed by the lingual nerve. As the duct traverses the deep lobe of the gland, it receives tributaries draining that lobe.

Figure 1.12. Deep dissection of the left submandibular gland. With the submandibular gland retracted, the facial artery is identified in proximity to the facial vein.