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1 Biainili‐Urarṭu (2012). The Proceedings of the Symposium Held in Munich 12–14 October 2007/Tagungsbericht des Münchener Symposiums 12.–14. Oktober 2007 (Ed. By S. Kroll, C. Gruber, U. Hellwag, M. Roaf, and P. Zimansky) (Acta Iranica 51). Louvain: Peeters. A transdisciplinary and up‐to‐date discussion of Urartian history.

2 Haas, V. (ed.) (1986). Das Reich Urartu. Konstanz: Universitätsverlag Konstanz. Contributions about some aspects of the Urartian history and culture.

3 Kroll, S., Gruber, C., Hellwag, U., Roaf, M., and Zimanski, P. (eds.) (2012). The Proceedings of the Symposium Held in Munich 12–14 October 2007 (Acta Iranica 51). Louvain: Peeters. The most recent and richest analysis of aspects of the Urartian civilization, provided by many of the best Orientalists: historians, philologists, and archaeologists. Bibliography is the most complete and up to date.

4 Piotrovsky, B.B. (1967). Urartu: The Kingdom of Van and its Art (trans. and ed. P.S. Gelling). London, New York: Praeger. First general presentation in English of the Urartian art production mainly from the excavations of Karmir‐blur in Armenia.

5 CTU = M. Salvini. (n.d.) Corpus dei testi urartei (vols I–III, Roma 2008; vol. IV, Roma 2012; vol. V, Paris 2018). Roma: Istituto di Studi sulle Civiltà dell’Egeo e del Vicino Oriente. The most recent and up‐to‐date edition and translation of all Urartian texts.

6 Salvini, M. (1995). Geschichte und Kultur der Urartäer. Wiesbaden: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. Concise reconstruction of the Urartian history on the basis of Assyrian and indigenous cuneiform records, and a synthetic description of architecture and other aspects of Urartian civilization.

7 Salvini, M., Wegner, I. (2015). Einführung in die urartäische Sprache. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. Introduction to the Urartian language with some text examples in translation and grammatical analysis.

8 Wartke, R.‐B. (1990). Toprakkale: Untersuchungen zu den Metallobjekten im Vorderasiatischen Museum zu Berlin (Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur des alten Orients 22). Berlin: Akademie‐Verlag. A complete analysis of the archaeological material (first of all bronzes) purchased and excavated by C.F. Lehmann‐Haupt in Van at the end of the 19th century during the Armenian Expedition of the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

9 Wartke, R.‐B. (1993). Urartu: das Reich am Ararat (Kulturgeschichte der antiken Welt 59). Mainz: von Zabern. A well‐illustrated presentation of the extant monuments of the Urartian sites in Turkey and Armenia and of the archaeological objects kept in the Museums of Berlin and Jerewan.

10 Zimansky, P.E. (1985). Ecology and Empire: The Structure of the Urartian State. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of Chicago. An original approach to the Urartian historiography, basing on an analysis of the geographic environment of the Urartian territory and an interpretation of the structure of the state organization.

11 Zimansky, P.E. (1998). Ancient Ararat: A Handbook of Urartian Studies. New York: Caravan Books Delmar. A bibliographical survey of the Urartological literature presented in different chapters about history, philology, archaeological reports. An useful guide even to the most rare titles in different languages (Armenian, English, Georgian, German, Italian, Turkish).