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Thus, nanoscale elemental Se is not only biocompatible, but also has a number of biological activities (antitumor, antimicrobial, protective). The biological properties of SeNPs, such as toxicity, selectivity for various cell types, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, as well as the presence of specific activities, are directly dependent on their physical and chemical properties. Particular attention in the synthesis is given to the ability to control the size, shape, composition, and uniformity of the resulting NPs. To date, data on the toxicity and safety of SeNPs are accumulating. Se in nanoscale form has a dose‐dependent effect. High concentrations of SeNPs (above 2 mg Se per kg of animal weight) can cause Se‐induced toxicity in mammals.

Many publications devoted the possibility of using Se nanoforms in medicine. Therefore, further studies related to the safety and mechanisms of action of SeNPs are promising.