Читать книгу Materials for Solar Energy Conversion - Группа авторов - Страница 16

In account of solar energy always should starts with the energy source as the sun. The mass of the sun is approximately 10²⁴ tonnes, a diameter of 1,392,082 km, and energy radiation takes place at the extend of 3.8 × 10²⁰ megawatts [9]. For a billion of years, the stated results remain unchanged in a present scenario, but definitely from time to time, there are minor changes occur in the radiation of sun energy. Based on these factors, we have been considering the constant solar energy.

Solar constant may be as the average of incoming solar energy per unit area, and it has been measured on outer surface atmosphere in a plane perpendicular to the rays with a numerical value of 0.1353 W/cm². Solar Constant (S) = 1350 W/m² (approximately) [10].