Читать книгу Clinical Dilemmas in Diabetes - Группа авторов - Страница 33
References
Оглавление1 1. American Diabetes Association, 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes – 2020. Diabetes Care. 2020; 43(Suppl 1):S14–S31.
2 2. World Health Organization, Global Report on Diabetes. 2016.
3 3. Diabetes Mellitus. Report of a WHO expert committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1965; 310:1–44.
4 4. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1997; 20(7):1183–1197.
5 5. Genuth S et al. Follow‐up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26(11):3160–3167.
6 6. American Diabetes Association, Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2010. Diabetes Care. 2010; 33(Suppl 1):S11–61.
7 7. Bennett PH et al. Epidemiologic studies of diabetes in the Pima Indians. Recent Prog Horm Res. 1976; 32:333–376.
8 8. Zimmet P and Whitehouse S. Bimodality of fasting and two‐hour glucose tolerance distributions in a Micronesian population. Diabetes. 1978; 27(8):793–800.
9 9. Rosenthal M et al. Evidence of bimodality of two hour plasma glucose concentrations in Mexican Americans: results from the San Antonio Heart study. J Chronic Dis. 1985; 38(1):5–16.
10 10. Omar MA et al. South African Indians show a high prevalence of NIDDM and bimodality in plasma glucose distribution patterns. Diabetes Care. 1994; 17(1):70–73.
11 11. Fan J et al. Bimodality of 2‐h plasma glucose distributions in whites: the Rancho Bernardo study. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(6):1451–1456.
12 12. McCance DR et al. Comparison of tests for glycated haemoglobin and fasting and two hour plasma glucose concentrations as diagnostic methods for diabetes. BMJ. 1994; 308(6940):1323–1328.
13 13. Davidson MB et al. Relationship between fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin: potential for false‐positive diagnoses of type 2 diabetes using new diagnostic criteria. JAMA. 1999; 281(13):1203–1210.
14 14. Engelgau MM et al. Comparison of fasting and 2‐hour glucose and HbA1c levels for diagnosing diabetes. Diagnostic criteria and performance revisited. Diabetes Care. 1997; 20(5):785–791.
15 15. Zhang R et al. The association of retinopathy and plasma glucose and HbA1c: a validation of diabetes diagnostic criteria in a Chinese population. J Diabetes Res. 2016; 2016:4034129.
16 16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2020. 2020.
17 17. Abdul‐Ghani MA, Tripathy D and DeFronzo RA. Contributions of beta‐cell dysfunction and insulin resistance to the pathogenesis of impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29(5):1130–1139.
18 18. Knowler WC et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346(6):393–403.
19 19. Talmud PJ et al. Sixty‐five common genetic variants and prediction of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2015; 64(5):1830–1840.
20 20. Mahajan A et al. Fine‐mapping type 2 diabetes loci to single‐variant resolution using high‐density imputation and islet‐specific epigenome maps. Nat Genet. 2018; 50(11):1505–1513.
21 21. Grant SF et al. Variant of transcription factor 7‐like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet. 2006; 38(3):320–323.
22 22. Schulz LO et al. Effects of traditional and western environments on prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians in Mexico and the U.S. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29(8):1866–1871.
23 23. Bergman RN, Phillips LS and Cobelli C. Physiologic evaluation of factors controlling glucose tolerance in man: measurement of insulin sensitivity and beta‐cell glucose sensitivity from the response to intravenous glucose. J Clin Invest. 1981; 68(6):1456–1467.
24 24. Shah P et al. Lack of suppression of glucagon contributes to postprandial hyperglycemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000; 85(11):4053–4059.
25 25. Bock G et al. Pathogenesis of pre‐diabetes: mechanisms of fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia in people with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes. 2006; 55(12):3536–3549.
26 26. Sathananthan A et al. A concerted decline in insulin secretion and action occurs across the spectrum of fasting and postchallenge glucose concentrations. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2012; 76(2):212–219.
27 27. Basu A et al. Impaired basal glucose effectiveness in NIDDM: contribution of defects in glucose disappearance and production, measured using an optimized minimal model independent protocol. Diabetes. 1997; 46(3):421–432.
28 28. Camilleri M. Peripheral mechanisms in appetite regulation. Gastroenterology. 2015; 148(6):1219–1233.
29 29. Camilleri M and Shin A. Novel and validated approaches for gastric emptying scintigraphy in patients with suspected gastroparesis. Dig Dis Sci. 2013; 58(7):1813–1815.
30 30. Butler AE et al. Beta‐cell deficit and increased beta‐cell apoptosis in humans with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2003; 52(1):102–110.
31 31. Shah M et al. TCF7L2 Genotype and alpha‐Cell Function in Humans Without Diabetes. Diabetes. 2016; 65(2):371–380.
32 32. Adams JD and Vella A. What can diabetes – associated genetic variation in TCF7L2 teach us about the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes? Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2018; 16(8):383–389.
33 33. Laurenti MC et al. Diabetes‐associated genetic variation in TCF7L2 alters pulsatile insulin secretion in humans. JCI Insight. 2020; 5(7).
34 34. Meier JJ, Veldhuis JD, and Butler PC. Pulsatile insulin secretion dictates systemic insulin delivery by regulating hepatic insulin extraction in humans. Diabetes. 2005; 54(6):1649–1656.
35 35. Smushkin G et al. Diabetes‐associated common genetic variation and its association with GLP‐1 concentrations and response to exogenous GLP‐1. Diabetes. 2012; 61(5):1082–1089.
36 36. Adams JD et al. Fasting glucagon concentrations are associated with longitudinal decline of beta‐cell function in non‐diabetic humans. Metabolism. 2020; 105:154175.
37 37. Selvin E et al. Short‐term variability in measures of glycemia and implications for the classification of diabetes. Arch Intern Med. 2007; 167(14):1545–1551.
38 38. Ko GT et al. The reproducibility and usefulness of the oral glucose tolerance test in screening for diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors. Ann Clin Biochem. 1998; 35 (Pt 1):62–67.
39 39. Meijnikman AS et al. Not performing an OGTT results in significant underdiagnosis of (pre)diabetes in a high risk adult Caucasian population. Int J Obes (Lond). 2017; 41(11):1615–1620.
40 40. Guo F, Moellering DR, and Garvey WT. Use of HbA1c for diagnoses of diabetes and prediabetes: comparison with diagnoses based on fasting and 2‐hr glucose values and effects of gender, race, and age. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2014; 12(5):258–268.
41 41. Lorenzo C et al. A1C between 5.7 and 6.4% as a marker for identifying pre‐diabetes, insulin sensitivity and secretion, and cardiovascular risk factors: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Diabetes Care. 2010; 33(9):2104–2109.
42 42. Tuomilehto J. Point: a glucose tolerance test is important for clinical practice. Diabetes Care. 2002; 25(10):1880–1882.
43 43. Dinneen SF et al. Effects of changing diagnostic criteria on the risk of developing diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21(9):1408–1413.
44 44. Udler MS et al. Genetic risk scores for diabetes diagnosis and precision medicine. Endocr Rev. 2019; 40(6):1500–1520.
45 45. Han SJ et al. Incidence and predictors of type 2 diabetes among Koreans: a 12‐year follow up of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017; 123:173–180.
46 46. Zhang X et al. A1C level and future risk of diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetes Care. 2010; 33(7):1665–1673.
47 47. Hulman A et al. Glucose patterns during an oral glucose tolerance test and associations with future diabetes, cardiovascular disease and all‐cause mortality rate. Diabetologia. 2018; 61(1):101–107.
48 48. Abdul‐Ghani MA et al. One‐hour plasma glucose concentration and the metabolic syndrome identify subjects at high risk for future type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2008; 31(8):1650–1655.
49 49. Abdul‐Ghani MA et al. Fasting versus postload plasma glucose concentration and the risk for future type 2 diabetes: results from the Botnia Study. Diabetes Care. 2009; 32(2):281–286.
50 50. Peddinti G et al. 1‐hour post‐OGTT glucose improves the early prediction of type 2 diabetes by clinical and metabolic markers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104(4):1131–1140.
51 51. Peddinti G et al. Early metabolic markers identify potential targets for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2017; 60(9):1740–1750.
52 52. Priya M et al. 1‐hour venous plasma glucose and incident prediabetes and diabetes in Asian Indians. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2013; 15(6):497–502.
53 53. Wu S et al. Transition from pre‐diabetes to diabetes and predictors of risk in Mexican‐Americans. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2017; 10:491–503.
54 54. Abdul‐Ghani MA et al. What is the best predictor of future type 2 diabetes? Diabetes Care. 2007; 30(6):1544–1548.
55 55. Gabir MM et al. Plasma glucose and prediction of microvascular disease and mortality: evaluation of 1997 American Diabetes Association and 1999 World Health Organization criteria for diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2000; 23(8):1113–1118.
56 56. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. The prevalence of retinopathy in impaired glucose tolerance and recent‐onset diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabet Med. 2007; 24(2):137–144.
57 57. Colagiuri S et al. Glycemic thresholds for diabetes‐specific retinopathy: implications for diagnostic criteria for diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011; 34(1):145–150.
58 58. Tapp RJ et al. Diagnostic thresholds for diabetes: the association of retinopathy and albuminuria with glycaemia. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006; 73(3):315–321.
59 59. Plantinga LC et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in US adults with undiagnosed diabetes or prediabetes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010; 5(4):673–682.
60 60. Metcalf PA et al. Microalbuminuria in a middle‐aged workforce. Effect of hyperglycemia and ethnicity. Diabetes Care. 1993; 16(11):1485–1493.
61 61. Echouffo‐Tcheugui JB et al. Association between prediabetes and risk of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Diabet Med. 2016; 33(12):1615–1624.
62 62. Dyck PJ et al. The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy in a population‐based cohort: the Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study. Neurology. 1993; 43(4):817–824.
63 63. Putz Z et al. Noninvasive evaluation of neural impairment in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care. 2009; 32(1):181–183.
64 64. Grover SA et al. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction in the primary care setting: importance of risk factors for diabetes and vascular disease. Arch Intern Med. 2006; 166(2):213–219.
65 65. Hoffman‐Snyder C et al. Value of the oral glucose tolerance test in the evaluation of chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy. Arch Neurol. 2006; 63(8):1075–1079.
66 66. Nathan DM et al. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care. 2007; 30(3):753–759.
67 67. Barr EL et al. Risk of cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab). Circulation. 2007; 116(2):151–157.
68 68. Huang Y et al. Association between prediabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality: systematic review and meta‐analysis. BMJ. 2016;355: i5953.
69 69. Stacey RB et al. Prediabetes and the association with unrecognized myocardial infarction in the multi‐ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Am Heart J. 2015; 170(5):923–928.
70 70. Brunner EJ et al. Relation between blood glucose and coronary mortality over 33 years in the Whitehall Study. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29(1):26–31.
71 71. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta‐analysis of 102 prospective studies. Lancet. 2010; 375(9733):2215–2222.
72 72. Rao Kondapally Seshasai S et al. Diabetes mellitus, fasting glucose, and risk of cause‐specific death. N Engl J Med. 2011; 364(9):829–841.
73 73. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP): description of lifestyle intervention. Diabetes Care. 2002; 25(12):2165–2171.
74 74. Hamman RF et al. Effect of weight loss with lifestyle intervention on risk of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29(9):2102–2107.
75 75. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Long‐term effects of lifestyle intervention or metformin on diabetes development and microvascular complications over 15‐year follow‐up: the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015; 3(11):866–875.
76 76. Ratner R et al. Impact of intensive lifestyle and metformin therapy on cardiovascular disease risk factors in the diabetes prevention program. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(4):888–894.
77 77. Florez H et al. Impact of lifestyle intervention and metformin on health‐related quality of life: the diabetes prevention program randomized trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2012; 27(12):1594–1601.
78 78. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. The 10‐year cost‐effectiveness of lifestyle intervention or metformin for diabetes prevention: an intent‐to‐treat analysis of the DPP/DPPOS. Diabetes Care. 2012; 35(4):723–730.
79 79. Pan XR et al. Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance. The Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 1997; 20(4):537–544.
80 80. Gong Q et al. Morbidity and mortality after lifestyle intervention for people with impaired glucose tolerance: 30‐year results of the Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019; 7(6):452–461.
81 81. Madsen KS et al. Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019; 12:CD008558.
82 82. le Roux CW et al. 3 years of liraglutide versus placebo for type 2 diabetes risk reduction and weight management in individuals with prediabetes: a randomised, double‐blind trial. Lancet. 2017; 389(10077):1399–1409.
83 83. ORIGIN Trial Investigators. Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia. N Engl J Med. 2012; 367(4):319–328.
84 84. DeFronzo RA et al. Pioglitazone for diabetes prevention in impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2011; 364(12):1104–1115.
85 85. The DREAM (Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication) Trial Investigators. Effect of rosiglitazone on the frequency of diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2006; 368(9541):1096–1105.
86 86. Knowler WC et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes with troglitazone in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes. 2005; 54(4):1150–1156.
87 87. Torgerson JS et al. XENical in the prevention of diabetes in obese subjects (XENDOS) study: a randomized study of orlistat as an adjunct to lifestyle changes for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(1):155–161.
88 88. Chiasson JL et al. Acarbose for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the STOP‐NIDDM randomised trial. Lancet. 2002; 359(9323):2072–2077.
89 89. Group NS et al. Effect of valsartan on the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2010; 362(16):1477–1490.
90 90. Eriksson JG et al. Long‐term beneficial effects of glipizide treatment on glucose tolerance in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. J Intern Med. 2006; 259(6):553–560.
91 91. Kanaya AM et al. Glycemic effects of postmenopausal hormone therapy: the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2003; 138(1):1–9.
92 92. Margolis KL et al. Effect of oestrogen plus progestin on the incidence of diabetes in postmenopausal women: results from the Women's Health Initiative Hormone Trial. Diabetologia. 2004; 47(7):1175–1187.
93 93. Sawicki PT and Kaiser T. Response to Chiasson et al.: Acarbose for the prevention of Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance: facts and interpretations concerning the critical analysis of the STOP‐NIDDM Trial data. Diabetologia. 2004; 47(6):976–977.
94 94. Lindblad U et al. Can sulphonylurea addition to lifestyle changes help to delay diabetes development in subjects with impaired fasting glucose? The Nepi ANtidiabetes StudY (NANSY). Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011; 13(2):185–188.
95 95. Pittas AG et al. Vitamin D supplementation and prevention of type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2019; 381(6):520–530.
96 96. NAVIGATOR Study Group et al. Effect of nateglinide on the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2010; 362(16):1463–1476.
97 97. The DREAM Trial Investigators. Effect of ramipril on the incidence of diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2006; 355(15):1551–1562.
98 98. Carlsson LM et al. Bariatric surgery and prevention of type 2 diabetes in Swedish obese subjects. N Engl J Med. 2012; 367(8):695–704.
99 99. Pories WJ et al. Is type II diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) a surgical disease? Ann Surg. 1992; 215(6):633–642; discussion 643.
100 100. Smith AD et al. Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose‐response meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies. Diabetologia. 2016; 59(12):2527–2545.
101 101. Grontved A et al. A prospective study of weight training and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men. Arch Intern Med. 2012; 172(17):1306–1312.
102 102. Salas‐Salvado J et al. Prevention of diabetes with Mediterranean diets: a subgroup analysis of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2014; 160(1):1–10.
103 103. American Diabetes Association. 3. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes – 2020. Diabetes Care. 2020; 43(Suppl 1):S32–S36.
104 104. Hu W et al. Association of elevated glycosylated hemoglobin A1c with hyperfiltration in a middle‐aged and elderly Chinese population with prediabetes or newly diagnosed diabetes: a cross‐sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2015; 15:47.
105 105. Kannan MA et al. Prevalence of neuropathy in patients with impaired glucose tolerance using various electrophysiological tests. Neurol India. 2014; 62(6):656–661.
106 106. Wu JS et al. Epidemiological evidence of altered cardiac autonomic function in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance but not isolated impaired fasting glucose. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92(10):3885–3889.
107 107. Holman RR et al. Effects of acarbose on cardiovascular and diabetes outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance (ACE): a randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017; 5(11):877–886.