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The National Action Plan's four foundational and interdependent areas:

 Culture, leadership, and governance: The imperative for leaders, governance bodies, and policy‐makers to demonstrate and foster our deeply held professional commitments to safety as a core value and promote the development of cultures of safety.

 Patient and family engagement: The spread of authentic patient and family engagement; the practice of co‐designing and co‐producing care with patients, families, and care partners to ensure their meaningful partnership in all aspects of care design, delivery, and operations.

 Workforce safety: Ensuring the safety and resiliency of the organization and the workforce is a necessary precondition to advancing patient safety; we need to work toward a unified, total systems‐based perspective and approach to eliminate harm to both patients and the workforce.

 Learning system: Establishing networked and continuous learning; forging learning systems within and across health care organizations at the local, regional, and national levels to encourage widespread sharing, learning, and improvement (Institute for Healthcare Improvement, 2020).