Читать книгу North American Agroforestry - Группа авторов - Страница 55

When nut or fruit culture (i.e., planted in a plantation or orchard format) is combined with row crop or forage production, it is alley cropping (Gold, 2019). Crops grown in the between‐row space can be changed over time to minimize competitive effects and/or adjust to changing market conditions. Windbreaks can be established to protect orchards in exposed, windy areas. They slow the wind, reduce water use, improve insect pollination, and increase pesticide use efficiency. In each case, the components are deliberately integrated and intensively managed within the plantation or orchard.