Читать книгу Handbook of Biomass Valorization for Industrial Applications - Группа авторов - Страница 77

A wide variety of microorganisms such as microalgae, fungi, and bacteria have been used for glycerol transformation by aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. The biological conversion was carried out in large bio-reactors according to the demand of microorganisms. The key product of anaerobic fermentation of glycerol using bacteria is 1,3-propanediol (PDO). In addition to PDO, co-products such as formate, lactic acid, succinic acid, butyric acid, acetic acid, butanol, 2,3-butanediol, acetone, ethanol, and H₂ are also formed [19]. The fermentation of glycerol using microorganisms produces lactic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), citric acid, hydrogen, etc. The biological conversion is the efficient pathway for glycerol transformation. Though, some limitations such as low product yield, slow kinetics, low selectivity, and low reusability limit their uses.