Читать книгу Advanced Healthcare Systems - Группа авторов - Страница 15

Kevin Ashton who worked for Procter & Gamble in the year 1999 attempted to invent new technology to apply in his work space which led to the idea of linking radio-frequency identification (RFID) to “IoT”. Hence, this game changer technology was also known as embedded internet or pervasive computing. The year 2000 marked the beginning of internet in industries and almost all enterprises for information storage and retrieval of data. However, the accuracy being a concern so human to things and things to things interaction became more popular gradually. So, this slow development until 2010 suddenly saw a boom after the Gartner report in 2011. According to them, IoT is the network of physical objects which comprise of embedded technology for communication and interact with their internal states or the external environment [2]. IoT has helped in generation and utilization of huge data for rapid data processing. IoT utilizes cloud computing–enabled applications like consumer file storage. For leading company, Compaq, it was start of annually 2 billion USD turnover to sell servers to internet providers [3].

Though few aspects are non-replaceable by any form technology, still, digital interventions have penetrated in almost every component of all industries. Like in cases of libraries where, conventionally, these are in physical form of services and infrastructure, but it is now replaced with digital data storage and sharing to remotely access the intellectual content by anyone, anytime [4].

Healthcare has been traditionally more popular in its physical form of interaction between patient and nurses, pathologist, pharmacist, or clinicians. Hence, the emerging technology is transforming lives by replacing the human touch in partial mode in banking and financial markets, retail shopping, education, security systems, and many other sectors. Healthcare sector has seen massive change by reducing the number of visits to the hospital due to technological developments [5, 6]. In true sense, the leverage for power of IoT is to eliminate the burden of healthcare sector by enabling patients to connect with the medical facility providers by transferring their data in a secured embedded system.

The internet has been rebranded and is now referred to as “the cloud”. The IoT device requires a unique identification enabled by the RFID. Device has sensors for monitoring various parameters and can send the data through a wired or wireless communication to the cloud where this data is stored and can be converted into information. The procession of the enormous amount of data continuously generated (Big Data) requires immense computing power which is available in the cloud servers.

Now, with technological advancements, the medical devices are enabled to collect, analyze, and send data across the web using these advancements. They can now connect both digital and non-digital heart monitor like the heart monitor with patient beds directly to internet. Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is going to bring a paradigm shift and will alter the future of healthcare by providing smart digital solutions with ease, comfort, availability, and accessibility of quality healthcare anywhere, anytime.

Most of the healthcare professionals and hospitals are now using IoT devices to optimally use their resources. Almost 70% of such hospitals and organizations use patient monitoring and maintenance of patient records. Patient data record is to be kept safely but industry is not tamper-proof, and hence, data leakage is still an issue in case of IoT. But still, in IoMT, there is an upper hand in as it has smart solutions which include endpoint security, internal segmentation, standard policies, and practices to authenticate end users and real-time monitoring which safety measures to prevent data breaches.