Читать книгу Congo Basin Hydrology, Climate, and Biogeochemistry - Группа авторов - Страница 55

The RegCM regional climate model is a model that was developed by the group of atmospheric physicists and climatologists of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP; Giorgi et al., 1993). Since the release of RegCM3, the model has undergone substantial development in terms of both software code and physical representations, leading to the development of a fourth version of the model (RegCM4), which was published by ICTP in June 2010 as a prototype (RegCM4.0) and in May 2011 as the first full version (RegCM4.1). Since the RegCM4.5 version, the model has used a non‐hydrostatic dynamic core, which makes it possible to obtain small horizontal resolutions of the order of a few kilometers. Radiation parameterization was adapted from the NCAR CCM3 radiation transfer scheme (Kiehl et al., 1996). The non‐local boundary layer developed by Holtslag and Boville (1993) is used for the representation of the planetary boundary layer. Large‐scale precipitation is calculated by the SUBEX scheme (Pal et al., 2000) and the biosphere–atmosphere transfer system (BATS) of Dickinson et al. (1993). The BATS scheme takes into account the transfer of energy, mass, and momentum between the atmosphere and the biosphere. The model includes options for an ocean flow parameterization scheme, interactive aerosols, microphysics, lake models, etc. The RegCM4.6 version provides five different convective schemes (Giorgi et al., 2012): the modified Kuo scheme (Anthes et al., 1987); the Tiedtke scheme (Tiedtke, 1996); the Emanuel scheme (Emanuel, 1991); the Grell scheme (Grell, 1993); and the Kain‐Fritsch scheme (Kain & Fritsch, 1993), with the possibility of combining different oceanic and continental schemes (called mixed convective schemes).