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4.2.2 Congruence

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Instead of equality, the term congruence is sometimes used. The equality maps one-to-one, while the congruence maps many-to-one. The congruent operator (≡) is used to indicate that two integer numbers are compatible. For instance, 1 ≡ 15 (mod 7). By using congruence, all matched integer numbers modulo n are assigned to the identical point on the ring [5].

Handbook of Intelligent Computing and Optimization for Sustainable Development

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