Читать книгу Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 381

Older adults often utilize multiple prescription medications, a number of which can cause malabsorption of nutrients, dysguesia (related to the inhibition of the cytochrome P450 metabolism system), gastrointestinal symptoms (such as dry mouth and constipation), and loss of appetite.^30,79 For example, digoxin and some forms of chemotherapy can cause nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Other medications can deplete the body’s mineral stores; high doses of aluminium or magnesium hydroxide antacids deplete phosphate and potassium stores, which can lead to muscle weakness and anorexia; and penicillamine induces zinc depletion that can lead to the loss of taste acuity and decreased food intake. Prescription of a high‐fibre diet may lead to excess satiety.⁸ More than 250 prescribed medications alter taste, and many others affect smell.⁸⁰ Overall, older adults often take multiple medications that increase the risk of drug interactions that can cause anorexia.