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Spending on infrastructure is crucial not only for the development of India and for sustaining the region’s fight against poverty but also for laying the foundation for stronger future economic growth. The 11th Plan emphasized the importance of investment in infrastructure to achieve a sustainable and inclusive increase in GDP of 9% to 10% over the next decade. The growth of infrastructure is a core focus of the 11th Five Year Plan of the Government of India (2007–2012). In 2010, the nation initiated 94 new projects and saw an investment of US$71.9 billion in 2010, a rise of 85% from 2009. The investment is the highest amount witnessed by any developed nation in the entire 1990–2010 period in any given year [16]. In 2010, India alone accounted for 43% of the overall expenditure in private ventures in developing countries.

Figure 1.5 Water supply chain in city structure.