Читать книгу Management of Complications in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Группа авторов - Страница 26

Though little historical data are available, it appears that ambulatory anesthesia has increased in safety over the past several decades. A recent large study reported an incidence of outpatient anesthetic complications of 1.45%, compared to a 2.11% complication rate for inpatient anesthesia [15]. Improvements in equipment design for the provision of anesthesia and patient monitoring as well as improvements in engineering controls, safety practices, and practitioner training have contributed to the overall low rate of anesthetic complications. Some of the more common complications of anesthesia, such as nausea and vomiting, have relatively low morbidity although the institutional costs may be high. Other complications such as respiratory or cardiac arrest are so morbid that significant effort has been made to adequately prevent and manage them despite their very low incidence. A proportion of complications are due to underlying patient factors such as patient age and medical comorbidities over which the practitioner has little control, but evidence has also shown that many complications are the result of operator error, equipment malfunction, or system failure. Preventable complications offer an opportunity for the individual clinician and the specialty as a whole to make improvements that increase patient safety and anesthetic success.