Читать книгу Management of Complications in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Группа авторов - Страница 46

Complications related to placement of an IV line are some of the most common and troubling to patients. Pain, ecchymoses, and infiltration at the IV site are the most frequently encountered and can be managed symptomatically. More serious complications include phlebitis and thrombophlebitis at the injection site and are associated with certain irritating medications (such as IV diazepam), particularly when given in a small vein or at a high concentration. Phlebitis may take several weeks to resolve completely and may necessitate analgesia and anti‐inflammatory medications. A rare but potentially serious complication involves the inadvertent intra‐arterial injection of a medication, most commonly a barbiturate, with resultant extreme pain and vascular necrosis. With careful IV placement technique and the use of a full IV setup allowing proper dilution of medications, the incidence of complications can be minimized and have a measurable impact on patient satisfaction as well as safety.