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1.5.3.2 Green‐roofs

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To mitigate the UHI effect, several measures have been applied and adapted in the urban areas. The examples include the use of heat‐reflecting surfaces and materials like sunward‐oriented roofs, roads and pavings, use of light‐coloured materials, increase in the proportions of vegetation to the hard landscapes, etc. (Vasishth 2015). In addition to these measures, adoption of roof‐top gardens or green‐roofs is the emerging field of research for reducing the UHI effect and mitigating the climatic change (Niemelä 2014). As like the functions of green spaces, green roofs also help in cooling by evapotranspiration mechanism. Earlier, green roofs were thought as the burden to the buildings, but now they have been gaining wider attention by the researchers as well as the urban residents as the additional protective covering to the roofs for protection from the heat stress (Vasishth 2015). Studies revealed that well‐designed and constructed green roofs may help in increasing the life of roofs and waterproofing structures even during the hot summer days (Vasishth 2015). However, research on exploring the ecosystem services to the humans (social and aesthetic benefits) provided by the green‐roofs still needs attention of the scientific communities (Jungels et al. 2013; Niemelä 2014).

Urban Ecology and Global Climate Change

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