Читать книгу Drug Transporters - Группа авторов - Страница 30

Within the human SLC22 transporter family, the electrogenic OCT subfamily consists of three members: OCT1 (SLC22A1), OCT2 (SLC22A2), and OCT3 (SLC22A3). These transporters play important physiological and pharmacological roles, as they transport a variety of structurally diverse endogenous compounds and xenobiotics that have a net positive charge at physiological pHs. Alterations in the expression and function of these transporters can lead to various pathophysiological conditions. As the first member of the family, rat OCT1 (Slc22a1) was cloned and characterized in 1994, followed by rat OCT2 (Slc22a2) in 1996 [1]. The third member, OCT3, was identified and cloned in both rat and human in 1998 [1]. These three transporters share similar transport mechanisms and have overlapping ligand specificities; however, they differ in terms of their tissue distribution and the mechanisms involved in the regulation of their expression.