Читать книгу Biomolecules from Natural Sources - Группа авторов - Страница 43

Nucleic acids are the genetic code in living cells. DNA and RNA are the most important biopolymers that are located in the nucleotides of the eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of the prokaryotic cells [40, 41]. DNA and RNA are polymers in their nature. They are usually used in various genetic manipulation tools, as well as in some fine technical applications and nanoapplications. DNA is used to generate new protein through mutagenesis, which gives new protein and thus new function or products (protein engineering). RNA is made from polymers of ribose sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base. DNA is made from polymer of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base. DNA was used as a platform based on self-assembled DNA biopolymer for high-performance cancer therapy [42]. DNA novel nanomaterial is designed for applications in photonics and in electronic [43, 44].