Читать книгу Handbook on Intelligent Healthcare Analytics - Группа авторов - Страница 56

Since the last decade, there is a constant development in information technology. The most recent trends in technology like social networks, smart phones, computers, and smart wearable devices lead to the growth of data. This growth in the data has given embarks on this latest notion described as big data. Big data is a large data set, which is generated at rapid speed. This data set is very complex, which goes beyond the capacity of traditional database and processing tools for storing, processing, and analyzing. Big data refers to diverse large amount of information created by the industries, machines, and the individual person. The production and usage of big data is persistently increasing. In today’s world, the volume of information far exceeds what the human mind can perceive. Big data requires sophisticated computer storage and analysis tools. In simple terms, big data is a huge amount of data in structured, semi-structured, and unstructured format. Day by day, the digital data volume is increasing steadily at a rapid pace. So, the big data is too large to process using the traditional technologies. Many companies realize the importance of the availability of big data. They use those large data to improve their decision-making and planning capabilities.

Healthcare big data is huge because of its abundant sources like electronic health record (EHR), the data from wearables and medical devices, genomic data, clinical research data, Internet of Things (IoT), the search engine data, and the social media data. It is very difficult to integrate big medical data with traditional information processing systems and databases because of its variety and volume. However, the tool and technology of big data is used for gathering, processing, and storing large volumes of medical data, which is diverse in nature. The role of big data in the healthcare industry is important due to availability and easy accessibility of vast amounts of medical data, increase in healthcare costs, and the need for personalized patient care. Big data analytics effectively accumulate, analyze, and take the knowledge from the medical data.

Big data knowledge systems in the healthcare industry are more important because all these data about patients are used for developing health recommender systems, clinical decision support system, disease prediction system, and knowledge discovery systems. The medical big data with knowledge system assists during the process of analyzing and extracting valuable knowledge. The extracted knowledge used by the healthcare professional for their clinical decisions. The big data knowledge system transforms the healthcare big data to useful information. The healthcare industries are providing better clinical decisions, for the quality patient care with lower cost, using the healthcare data analytics.

Meaning of big data, various dimensions of big data, tools and technologies used in big data, process of creating value from big data, big data analytics, role of big data knowledge system in healthcare, healthcare big data analytics, the applications of big data, and the challenges faced by big data in the healthcare industry are presented and discussed in the following sections.