Читать книгу Nano-Technological Intervention in Agricultural Productivity - Javid A. Parray - Страница 48

TiO₂, SiO₂, and ZnO nanoparticles have been examined in water suspensions of citrate containing low concentrations of PO₄ in Gram‐positive and harmful bacteria such as B. subtilis and E. coli [44]. These effects are generally most susceptible to B. subtilis by operations produced from SiO₂ to TiO₂ to ZnO [6]. Magnetic nanoparticles are of great interest to researchers in many areas, including catalysis, bioengineering/biomedicine, and environmental science and technology [45]. Concerning material protection, it is essential to remember that ferrites are very suitable for biological purposes because of their low toxicity and strong magnetic characteristics [46]. In catalysis or water treatment, core/shaft metal nanoparticles or nanocomposites can be added [47]. For instance, in catalysis, nanocomposites can be quickly recovered and reused by a sequence of catalytic cycles because of the magnetic properties of NPs comprising platinum metals [40].

Zn and ZnO are phytotoxic to germination of seeds and root development following two hours in exposure to deionized water nanoparticle suspensions [48]. There were screening of five types of nanoparticles (corn and cucumber) and six plant species (radish, rape, and ryegrass). Approximately 50% inhibition of root growth was observed in nano‐Zn and nano‐ZnO at about 50 mg/l for radish and about 20 mg/l for rape and ryegrass. Reports indicate that pure alumina particles significantly reduce radical elongation in all plant species, potentially slowing plant growth. Alumina nanoparticles may be emitted into the atmosphere by exhaust systems and combined with other airborne materials. Alumina was also packed with phenanthrene, an essential element of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere that can be absorbed into a particular substance in the air. They substantially reduced their phytotoxicity without having any harmful effects on the roots of plants [1].