Читать книгу Management of Radioactive Waste - Jean-Claude Amiard - Страница 16

The IAEA proposes dividing radioactive waste into five categories, in addition to the category of waste considered as released (EW, Exempt Waste), according to two criteria, the amount of activity and the half-life of the radionuclide (Figure 1.1). These categories are very short-lived waste (VSLW), very low-level waste (VLLW), low-level waste (LLW), intermediate-level waste (ILW) and high-level waste (HLW) [IAE 09a].

In certain circumstances, such as acceptance into a radioactive waste disposal facility, Waste Acceptance Criteria (WACs) may be established for certain radionuclides. WACs are quantitative or qualitative criteria that may include, for example, restrictions on the activity concentration or total activity of particular radionuclides (or types of radionuclides) in the waste, or requirements regarding the form or packaging of the waste.

Figure 1.1. Proposed IAEA classification of radioactive waste (source: [IAE 09a]). EW: exempt waste; HLW: high-level waste; ILW: intermediate-level waste; LLW: low-level waste; VLLW: very low-level waste; VSLW: very short-lived waste. For a color version of this figure, see www.iste.co.uk/amiard/radioactive.zip