Читать книгу Management of Radioactive Waste - Jean-Claude Amiard - Страница 21

For France, the IRSN [IRS 18b] proposes a methodology and possible criteria for assessing the harmfulness of radioactive materials and waste. In order to make the indicators understandable to a wide audience, the situations are defined to respect a minimum degree of realism. Their choice also aims to cover the main exposure routes and a diversity of contexts.

Four situations are considered, the first two of which involve the presence of an individual in a room containing a package of radioactive waste or radioactive material, whether intact or damaged. The last two situations concern the dispersion of the package in the environment and the impact on an entire local human population or the impact on an aquatic ecosystem.

The report also provides an example of the application of the method for three families of waste (vitrified HA, bituminous MAVL and FAVL ¹⁴C). The annual impacts after 100 or 1,000 years are provided and proposals are made for broader deployment, making it possible in the long-term to have an indication of the harmfulness of each of the families defined in the national inventory of radioactive materials and waste [IRS 18b].