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John T. Moore
Biochemistry For Dummies
Читать книгу Biochemistry For Dummies - John Moore T., Richard Langley H., John T. Moore - Страница 1
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Biochemistry For Dummies® To view this book's Cheat Sheet, simply go to
www.dummies.com
and search for “Biochemistry For Dummies Cheat Sheet” in the Search box. Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Страница 8
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Seems So Basic: Water Chemistry and pH
The Fundamentals of H
2
O
Let’s get wet! The physical properties of water
Water is a polar molecule
Water has strong intermolecular forces
Water has a high specific heat
Water’s most important biochemical role: The solvent
Hydrogen Ion Concentration: Acids and Bases
Achieving equilibrium
Understanding the pH scale
Calculating pOH
Applying the Brønsted-Lowry theory
Swapping hydrogens between acids and bases
Acting as either an acid or a base
Buffers and pH Control
Identifying common physiological buffers
Calculating a buffer’s pH
Страница 29
Fun with Carbon: Organic Chemistry
The Role of Carbon in the Study of Life
It’s All in the Numbers: Carbon Bonds
When Forces Attract: Bond Strengths
Everybody has ‘em: Intermolecular forces
London dispersion forces
Dipole-dipole forces
Hydrogen bonding
Ionic interactions
Water-related interactions: Both the lovers and the haters
How bond strengths affect physical properties of substances
Melting points, boiling points, and solubility
Odors
Getting a Reaction out of a Molecule: Functional Groups
Hydrocarbons
Functional groups with oxygen and sulfur
Functional groups containing nitrogen
Functional groups containing phosphorus
Reactions of functional groups
Alcohols
Aldehydes and ketones
Carboxylic acids
Thiols and amines
Phosphoric acid
pH and functional groups
Same Content, Different Structure: Isomerism
Cis-trans isomers
Chiral carbons
Identifying chiral molecules
Determining the chiral form: Enantiomer or stereoisomer?
Illustrating the chiral compound: Fischer projection formulas
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